Presents findings of a case study of three New York City high schools conducted in 1980 to determine the effects of retrenchment. Focuses on six areas: instruction, programs, support services, facilities, equipment and supplies, and extracurricular activities. (WD)

The self-esteem and perceived personal acceptance by the teacher of 18 nonhandicapped and l2 trainable retarded students were studied in a mainstream junior high setting. Students in the cooperative condition had the highest self-esteem and perceived the most personal acceptance. Handicapped students reported higher self-esteem than nonhandicapped…

The competitive structure in which most children are taught to play is responsible for problems associated with stress. Athletic performance is important in how the child is perceived by peers and adults. Children who perceive themselves as inadequate at sports often feel low self-confidence and low self-esteem. (JN)

When declining resources make difficult choices unavoidable, higher education must: assert a unified, coherent state strategy for instruction, financial aid, research, and public service independent of federal policy; eliminate outmoded facilities and obsolete equipment; reconsider the instructional process; and reevaluate the role of faculty.…

An athlete needs to be taught to identify strengths and weaknesses, to concentrate for longer periods of time and regain lost concentration, to develop greater self-discipline and self control, and to deal with performance anxiety. Instructions are given for teaching relaxation methods to athletes, improving concentration, and setting realistic…

Outlines conceptual distinction among avoidance, cooperation, and competitive conflict resolution strategies used by marital partners. Couples (N=43) were audiotaped as they discussed previous disagreements. Found the temporal aspects of speech, including turn-taking and interruptions, need to be considered in the study of couples' conflict…

Three peer tutoring methods and two group investigation approaches are examined for effects on academic achievement, students' attitudes, and ethnic relations. The five methods are: Jigsaw classroom (Aronson), Teams-Games-Tournaments (DeVries), Student Teams and Academic Division (Slavin), cooperative learning approach (Johnson), and small-group…

Enrollments, the competition for space, and the cooperation in the use of space in future campus planning activities are discussed. Campuses will only begin to think about cohesion or cooperation, it is suggested, if they can be responsive to three problems: enrollment declines, energy conservation, and economic difficulties. (MLW)

The cooperative behavior of 144 children in three groups--Cuban-Americans in either private or public schools and Anglo-Americans--decreased when task instructions emphasized individual rewards. Only the Anglo-American children, who maintained a significant level of competitiveness throughout, significantly increased their competitive behavior in…

Cooperation promoted stronger student perceptions of teacher academic/personal support than did individualistic learning experiences, stronger perceptions of peer academic/personal support than either competitive or individualistic learning experiences, and higher achievement than the other two conditions. Competition promoted higher achievement…

Argues that, in many countries, national governments are less able to fund higher education, and higher education may be becoming a lower priority, which increases competition among institutions. Universities will need to become more responsive to local and regional communities' needs, increase their utility to society to maintain public support,…

Explores supply-and-demand factors by combining a 100-county sample of independent preschools with 1990 census data. Price negatively affects hours demanded. More hours are purchased in poorer counties with more black single parents and rapid population growth. Center accreditation significantly increases demand, but depresses supply. Public…

The development and enhancement of alliances among universities, industry, and government is widely seen as a prescription for strengthening the competitiveness of regional and national economies. The interaction of university and industrial scientists is examined, and whether the creation of Ontario's Centres of Excellence should serve as a model…

The author of "Risky Business: Private Management of Public Schools" examines privatization efforts by Educational Alternatives Inc. and the Edison Project. Privatization actually represents two different interests: a conservative ideological crusade and a nonpartisan exercise in pursuing good government. Most arrangements have not…

Lessons learned in the merger of two junior high schools, one predominantly black and one predominantly white, with a history of competition and distrust, illustrate the sense of community that can be developed with shared decision making and respect for cultural differences. Reducing ability grouping was vital in unifying the academic structures.…