For an individual doctoral student, doctoral education happens in multiple spaces across a considerable amount of time. However, the existing literature and conceptualisations of doctoral education do not adequately address the spatiotemporal dimension related to it. By using the concept of "scales," this article examines how the social…

Memory for the temporal order of past events is a critical capacity; however, relatively little is known about its development and the processes that support it in early to middle childhood. The aim of this study was to examine children's memory for the temporal order of real-world events. Four-five-year-old (n = 36), 6-7-year-old (n = 45) and…

The author compared high- and low-threshold discrete-state models of recognition memory in terms of their ability to account for confidence and response time (RT) data. The 2-high threshold (2HT), 1-low threshold (1LT), and 2-low threshold (2LT) models were clearly distinguished by the commonly observed inverted-U pattern whereby RTs are longer…

Concurrent learning of adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies has been shown in adults only. This study extended this line of research by examining dependency-specific learning for both adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies concurrently in both adults and children. Seventy adults aged 18 to 64 (40 women, 30 men; Experiment 1) and 64 children aged…

The purpose of the work is to consider the possibilities of time trackers in the design activities of students. The article presents an analysis of modern time trackers that contribute to the selforganization of students to achieve educational goals. In the context of an increase in the share of independent training in universities and the…

Textbooks currently include many elaborations that describe, illustrate, and explain main ideas, increasing the length of these textbook chapters. The current study investigated if the cost in additional reading time that these elaborations impose is outweighed by benefits to memory for main ideas. Given that elaborations in textbooks sometimes…

Many college students in the United States take longer than four years to complete their bachelor's degrees. Long time-to-degree can increase higher education costs by billions. Time-to-degree can be reduced if students take more credits each term. While academic momentum theory suggests that additional credits may also improve student…

Nowadays, the significance of leisure time is increasing in our daily life. In addition to entertainment and relaxation, individuals can make use of their leisure time as self-developed and productive. This study aims to reveal the leisure time trends of university students. The population of the research consists of students studying at Girne…

To be able to solve complex information problems in a digital environment is a key 21st century skill. Technology users usually expect to achieve their goals in a fast and accurate way. However, the actual relationship between time-on-task and task outcome is currently not well understood. We analyzed data from a large-scale international study in…

American School Counselor Association (ASCA) advocates for school counselors to allocate 80% of their time to direct and supportive services to students and against non-counseling duties inconsistent with the ASCA National Model. For this exploratory study, we investigated how time allocations were impacted by non-counseling duties, school…

Despite its recognized importance for academic success, much of the research investigating time management has proceeded without regard to a comprehensive theoretical model for understanding its connections to students' engagement, learning, or achievement. Our central argument is that self-regulated learning provides the rich conceptual framework…

Response time has started to play an increasingly important role in educational and psychological testing, which prompts many response time models to be proposed in recent years. However, response time modeling can be adversely impacted by aberrant response behavior. For example, test speededness can cause response time to certain items to deviate…

The timing of what occurs in the classroom can affect how successfully new concepts are learned. This paper analyses two promising ways of modifying the schedule of tasks or examples -- the spacing effect and interleaving. The spacing effect refers to improvements in long-term retention if practice sessions are separated by delays. Interleaving…

My dissertation consists of five chapters with three stand-alone studies. Chapter one is an introduction to social and leisure skills of adults with ASD, and I demonstrate my rationale and for the subsequent chapters. Chapter two is a systematic review of the literature on promoting leisure outcomes of adults with ASD. Chapter three is another…

Anatomical education in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland has long been under scrutiny, especially since the reforms triggered in 1993 by the General Medical Council's "Tomorrow's Doctors." The aim of the current study was to investigate the state of medical student anatomy education in the UK and Ireland in 2019. In all, 39 medical…