COUNSELING TREATMENT METHODS WERE EVALUATED TO DETERMINE THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN IMPROVING ACADEMIC AND PERSONAL ADJUSTMENT OF UNDERACHIEVING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. THE PARTICIPANTS INCLUDED OVER 200 MEASURED UNDERACHIEVERS FROM GRADES 10-12 AND 16 COUNSELORS. THE STUDENTS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO ONE OF FIVE TREATMENT CONDITIONS--(1) INDIVIDUAL…

TWO EMPIRICAL STUDIES WERE MADE TO TEST THE DESIRABILITY OF EMPLOYING SOME FORM OF ABILITY GROUPING TO ENHANCE LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES IN SCHOOLS. THE TWO FIELD STUDIES SPECIFICALLY EXPLORED SOME OF THE MOTIVATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF ABILITY GROUPING AS MANIFESTED IN SCHOLASTIC ACHIEVEMENT, REPORTED INTEREST IN SCHOOLWORK, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF…

THE CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED CHILD, ALTHOUGH VERY VERBAL IN HIS LOCAL ENVIRONMENT, IS USUALLY VERBALLY DEFICIENT WITH RESPECT TO SOCIETY AS A WHOLE. PART OF THE ANSWER TO PROVIDING A MORE EFFECTIVE LANGUAGE EDUCATION TO THE CULTURALLY DEPRIVED YOUTH IS ENRICHMENT OR COMPENSATORY PROGRAMS LIKE HEAD START. TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF THE AUSTIN…

At present, a number of creative approaches are being employed with regard to learning problems. In the past, learning problems were dealt with in segregated classrooms or schools. Although future approaches are still a matter of conjecture, mainstreaming will figure as an important factor in these approaches. Two approaches currently used in…

The effects of homogeneous ability grouping versus heterogeneous grouping on the reading achievement of 18 slow learners at the first grade level are studied here. Two matched groups, each containing 9 pupils classified as slow learners from reading achievement based on Metropolitan Reading Test scores, are placed in homogeneous and heterogeneous…

The concept of mainstreaming can be traced back to Brown v. Board of Education when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled the "separate but equal" doctrine unconstitutional. Not everyone has wanted to integrate minorities into their physical education and athletic programs, and now not all educators are accepting the broadening of ability levels within the…

This study examined differential performances among groups (categories) of first grade children when solving eight different types of arithmetical word problems under two distinct experimental conditions. The categories of children were actually 4 ability groups: (1) low quantitative comparison scores and low IQ (Lorge-Thorndike IQ Test), (2) low…

Approximately 600 students (grades 6-9) in a rural school system were evaluated for student attitudes about grouping and its relation to self-concept, school satisfaction, sex, grade, and ability. The 7th and 8th graders were grouped by ability. The other 2 grades were included for purposes of comparison: 6th for anticipatory reactions and 9th for…

This paper traces the origins of educational tracking, streaming, or grouping to the period between the report of the Committee of Ten in 1894 and the publication of the Cardinal Principles of Education in 1918. The analysis of grouping, in its origin and in its consequences for students, concludes that its effect on the subject of English has…

In this monograph, the author presents a history of court decisions that outlawed public school segregation, reviews these decisions, and examines the problems of decision implementation that followed. The texts of some of the opinions delivered by the various courts are presented. Various relevant concepts are also set out in the context of their…

The two-level theory of mental abilities posits two broad classes of ability: level I (learning and memory) and level II (the "g" factor of intelligence tests, reasoning, abstraction, and problem solving). Levels I and II are hypothesized to interact with SES and/or race such that: (l) SES differences are greater for level II than for I,…

Seriously questions the current beliefs that reading scores in urban schools will remain low due to ever-increasing poverty and minority populations, and that a child's learning patterns are irreversibly set in preschool years. (Editor/RK)

Official school records are used to analyze the opportunity structure and selection mechanisms within a school. Critics' charges that tracking systems preclude choice and mobility are not entirely supported, but more complex and subtle mechanisms for restricting opportunity are found to operate. (Author)

A French course for sixth-formers of mixed ability who want to use the language in their careers is described. Groups are divided into A and B students, according to ability and aims. Goals, materials and lesson plans are outlined here. (CHK)

Discusses problems inherent in differentiation (i.e., grouping students according to ability), individualized instruction, and work with small groups. The article comments on the difficulties of putting theory into practice under actual school conditions, appropriate curricular division is needed. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)