This study was designed to examine whether participation in a shared reading workshop alters the frequency with which parents ask their children questions during book reading sessions, particularly questions designed to strengthen component reading skills that they may not have known about before training. Participants in the reading workshop…

There are numerous studies demonstrating facilitated processing of cognates relative to noncognates for bilinguals, providing evidence that bilingual lexical access is language nonselective. We tested whether cross-language activation affects comprehension of larger units of meaning, focusing specifically on comprehension of anaphoric references.…

This study traced the development of beginner-level (CEFR A1 and A2) Japanese university English learners' listening and reading skills (N=58). Improvements in listening and reading performance were compared among three groups of low proficiency EFL students: (1) learners who simultaneously read while listening to over 100,000 words from graded…

Foreign language learning may become exciting if students are motivated towards learning. Active learning and teaching methodologies can make a positive difference in students learning especially for second language learners. The current study investigates the outcome of using activity based learning method on the development of reading skills of…

In this study, it is aimed to determine at what level the Meaning Identification Technique (MIT) can measure the reading comprehension skills of the 4th grade primary school students and to test the validity and reliability of the MIT test with different types of texts. In the study carried out in the survey model, MIT and Sentence Verification…

The causes that individuals attribute to reading outcomes shape future behaviors, including engagement or persistence with learning tasks. Although previous reading motivation research has examined differences between typical and struggling readers, there may be unique dynamics related to varying levels of reading and attention skills. Using…

We investigated the specificity of reading self-efficacy among second- to fifth-grade children in Finland (N = 1,327). Bandura (1997) theorized that efficacy beliefs can be assessed at different levels of specificity; however, empirical support for this view is scarce among young children. Efficacy beliefs targeting reading-related activities were…

Although critical thinking has been on the agenda for the past few decades, there is a serious gap in the field of foreign language teaching especially for quantitative research carried out regarding the teaching of this process as a skill. When the case is the teaching of critical thinking in EFL courses more specifically, teaching critical…

In 1989, Liberia entered into a Civil War that was devastating to the population, which has not recovered since. The country's infrastructure was significantly destroyed. Eighty percent of schools were non-functional. The illiteracy rate was at 80% in 2017. The teacher population at the primary and secondary levels was 26,000, but, 65% of them had…

One effort toward instilling environmental care in students is the development of environment-based supplementary reading materials. The objectives of this article are to investigate the need of junior high school students for environment-based supplementary reading materials, and to develop environment-based supplementary reading materials…

A significant number of teachers move from one state to another each year. State policies can make it difficult for public school teachers to qualify to teach in another state. From a teacher's perspective, meeting another state's licensure requirements can feel bureaucratic and time-consuming. State requirements for out-of-state teachers enable…

Meeting standardized test benchmarks is a challenge for elementary school students in Texas. The problem is that some elementary schools do not meet the performance standards of the fourth-grade STAAR state test average. Problem-based learning is a model used in schools to initiate problem-solving skills with a hands-on approach to real-world…

In this study, we examined the spelling performance of 430 kindergartners, which included a high-risk sample, to determine the relations between end-of-kindergarten reading and spelling in a high-quality language arts setting. We described, analyzed, and compared spelling outcomes, including spelling errors, between good and poor readers. The…

Struggling readers who are in need of Tier 2 supplemental reading instruction within a multitier system of support (MTSS) or a response to intervention are defined as those who are performing in the bottom 20% in reading-related skills as compared with their classroom peers. An MTSS model is a framework for instruction that provides increasing…

The prosodic features in reading aloud assignment has been associated with the students' decoding skill. The goal of the present study is to determine the reliability of prosody for assessing reading fluency of adult ESL students in Indonesia context. The participants were all Indonesian natives, undergraduate students, adult females and males who…