Argues that those activities variously called community development, organization, action, or education involve the imposition of the values and beliefs of community workers or agencies upon their clientele and that community work has a strong, albeit unintentional, manipulative or exploitative aspect. (SK)

Develops a model of interorganizational conflict (both structural, which involves rules that govern a relationship, and operating, which involves the interpretation and application of such rules) that incorporates key aspects of the organizational interface, explaining conflict on the basis of similarities and differences among the interacting…

This article examines some of the reasons why community workers get involved with neighborhood information centers, and shows how unrealistic expectations of these workers can limit and disguise the achievements of these centers. (SK)

A Program Review Unit was established at the Philadelphia Area Agency on Aging and an evaluation model was developed during the first year of operation. The single most important attribute for a successful program review activity is the availability of measurable program goal statements. (Author)

Discusses the potential of the "cooperative agency management system," a new management system based on the budgeting process that has been adopted at both the Department of the Interior and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. (Author/JG)

Issues involved in empowering evaluation conducted with grass-roots organizations are discussed. One major issue centers on conflicting evaluation standards evaluators and stakeholders may have, and another is whether there is harmony between the empowerment model's goals of evaluation ownership and group advocacy. (SLD)

Studied learning culture and outcomes measurement in 25 community agencies serving children and youth. Findings indicate that although there is an awareness of the importance of outcomes evaluation, most agencies lack the resources for its systematic implementation. (SLD)

In an assessment culture, credit-based education and training are increasingly important in voluntary and community sectors. Examples from Hungary and Britain were used to develop a democratic participative model to identify the need for and relevance of credit and to use qualifications to further civil society. (Contains 53 references.) (SK)

Presents results from a study of three community development models. The data are used to construct a model of the community development process as it is remembered and experienced by community workers and citizen participants involved. The model shows the change process in community development activities. (JOW)

A reading campaign among Palestinians combined learning with community building at the level of personal and community abilities, values, and beliefs. The project created long-lasting change by combining local resources and fostering the ability to work cooperatively and solve problems collectively. (SK)

Based on specific examples from a study of Canadian groups, discusses the formative stage; values, goals, and strategies; group evolution, membership trends, and effectiveness of stewardship groups organized for the protection of the environment. (MDH)

The Minority Teacher Preparation Program, a model for increasing the number of Black teachers in American classrooms, involves collaboration among a teacher preparation institution, a public school system, a community service organization, and a funding agent. The project recruits candidates from unemployed college graduates and college dropouts,…

Describes cooperatives as a new socioeconomic strategy for rural economic development. Cooperatives involve local control, local ownership, and empowerment through organization. Categorizes and gives examples of cooperatives in agriculture, retail grocery, credit, crafts, and health. Suggests some reasons why cooperatives tend to be ignored in…

Outlines issues involved in evaluating community services and lists questions to be considered: Why evaluate? What are the benefits and costs? and What is being evaluated? Describes methods: surveys, case studies, performance indicators, action research, and holistic evaluation. (SK)

Aging 2000 is a Rhode Island organization of community-based networks working to improve geriatric health care through consumer empowerment. Evaluation of workshops on health behavior and the health-care system shows the viability of using older adult volunteers as peer teachers. (SK)