Current theories of intellectual development claim that such development proceeds through invariant sequences of increasingly more adequate cognitive structures. According to the two dominant theories on changes in intellectual functioning during adulthood, intellectual development is essentially accomplished by adolescence, although sharpening…

Methodologies and trends of judicial behavior research (the study of how and why court judges make decisions) are traced from the 1920s to the present. Arranged into five sections, the first two sections of the report identify principal points of social science research in general. A summary of methodology in judicial behavior research reveals…

The aim of the Learning in Science Project is to: (1) investigate science teaching/learning at the Form 1 to 4 level (ages 10 to 14); (2) identify some of the key difficulties in this subject area; and (3) find ways of overcoming such difficulties. The project is seen both as an evaluative and a research project in that it is concerned with…

The first working paper of the Learning in Science Project, "An Initial Framework," outlined what was then seen as the major aims of the project and suggested how these aims might be achieved by three phases of research: exploratory (to observe teaching/learning in Form 1 to 4 science classrooms and to identify difficulties perceived by…

In this paper the research on gender and Full-Range Leadership is documented and explored. Included is consideration of research that studied Full-Range Leadership directly as well as indirect study that contributed to the field of research on Full-Range Leadership. The paper culminates in a series of recommendations for future research. It is…

Variables and conditions that influence the learning of computer-presented expository text were investigated in this study, in which on-screen underlining was used as a learning aid to increase "mindful" processing of information. The effects of three intervening variables--amount of invested mental effort (AIME), learning style, and…

Three major themes distilled from a review and analysis of research on learning from interactive video are discussed in this paper: (1) interactive video as an instructional delivery system, including research on instructional effectiveness, cost effectiveness, and instructor/learner attitudes; (2) principles of learning applied to interactive…

The effects of cognitive and behavioral orienting activities and practice on student learning of cued and uncued information were examined in this study. The subjects were 54 grade 9 students (28 males and 26 females), who were classified as high or low ability based on the verbal intelligence estimate of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills. These…

This conference assessed the conditions confronting the Hispanic community's children at risk. Among those addressing the salient issues of Hispanic child poverty were social scientists, policymakers, academics, and social service administrators. The conference agenda, seeking to outline the scope of Latino child poverty, highlights the following…

The paper examines the role of experiential learning programs such as cooperative education and internship programs as a method of enhancing student learning and cognitive development in the liberal arts. The literature review begins by examining the goals of a liberal education as they relate to field experience. The outcomes of field experience…

Job dissatisfaction may manifest itself in frustration for the teacher and defense mechanisms for the employer. Previous research suggests that unfulfilled needs, goals, and value expectations, as well as the lack of achievement of outcomes, account for job dissatisfaction. Other variables include demography, disillusionment with life, lack of…

This monograph reports the key findings of the Foundation for Child Development's 1989 Forum on Children and the Family Support Act, a forum convened to examine the potential effects of the Family Support Act (FSA) on children. The following topics were addressed: (1) population and characteristics of children who will be affected by the FSA; (2)…

The book describes Project Prevention, an interdisciplinary project developed by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, to identify risk factors for mental disorders and preventive interventions. After an introductory chapter, the following eight chapters cover: the scope of Project Prevention; children at high risk (e.g.,…

Curriculum alignment (CA) refers to the congruence of all the elements of a school's curriculum: curriculum goals; instructional program--what is taught and the materials used; and tests used to judge outcomes. CA can be a very powerful can be a very powerful factor in improving schools. Although further research is needed on CA, there is…

The rationale and the methodology used in a study of high school graduates' viewpoints on science-technology-society (STS) topics are reviewed in this paper. The study employed the instrument, Views on Science-Technology-Society (VOSTS), which required students to write an argumentative paragraph responding to one of 46 statements about an STS…