This paper concentrates on two strategies, circumvention and cooptation, used by planners and implementers to overcome various obstacles in designing and starting-up innovative schools. The authors show how the special features of a new school's relationship with its environmental setting create the need for these strategies; illustrate through…

This paper demonstrates a process for investigating the economic and budgeting impact of educational innovations on the educational systems where they are introduced, based on the assumption that the money to finance educational innovations will have to be shifted from existing programs or other innovations. To illustrate the use of his analytical…

This publication is a collection of eight articles concerned with the open education movement in the United States. The articles include "The Concept of Openness: An Introduction," by Vincent Rogers and Bud Church; "Open Education and American Values: A Tentative Exploration," by Bud Church; "A British View of Open Education in the U.S.," by…

This publication is part of a series of reports that describes the results of the first year of a study of federally funded programs designed to introduce and spread innovative practices in public schools. Over several years, the study will examine innovative educational projects funded under four federal programs, including Title III of the…

Most Americans today have more spare time than ever before, but few have learned how to use it wisely. In an effort to remedy this deficiency and to insure the future competence of the average person to utilize his leisure time with maximum fruitfulness, some recreational theorists have advocated the establishment of a formal program of training…

Model IV, the rural-residential career education model, is committed to a goal of improving the growth, development, and employability of individuals in a six-state region, through an innovative, experimental system of career education. A residential community is one aspect of the innovative, experimental approach to be utilized in Model IV. Both…

This speech discusses several of the exemplary dropout prevention programs sponsored by the Office of Education. The basis of all the programs, whether they be for dropouts from school or for dropouts from life, is that once people find out that there is work to be done in the world, and that they will be welcomed and rewarded for doing it, they…

As its title indicates, this report is a discussion of alternative mechanisms for handling the flow of tuition dollars from students to the public institutions of higher education they attend. It attempts, through creative thinking and expert reaction, to explore some untried administrative techniques that administrators in public institutions may…

A 5-month project was undertaken at the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education to do a preliminary study of the implications of growth policy for postsecondary education. The decision to focus on this level of education was based on the belief that the existing problems of growth and its limits have become too urgent to be left to…

There is no clear consensus of the term "learner-centered reform." Learner-centered reform has become by implication either the cause or the consequence of inflated grades, lowered admission requirements, affirmative action, elimination of language and other requirements, student evaluation of teaching, abandonment of research, and many other ills…

Ths paper describes the results of a questionnaire sent out to 495 institutions of higher education to determine current evaluation practices in innovative colleges and universities. Of the 495 questionnaires mailed, 375 were returned. The results of this survey indicate that a majority of the chosen institutions now have some form of mechanism…

The purpose of this paper is to describe a strategy that facilitates the introduction of a large-scale innovation into public school settings. The principal focus is the new administrative role as it functions in this process. The context is the Experience-Based Career Education model (Academy for Career Education) designed and implemented by…

The major purpose of this paper was to report on several innovations in the promotion of affective skill development in the school setting. Three studies were carried out in urban, parochial schools and were analyzed together. A rural school study was discussed separately. The major strategies instrumental in each of the four studies included: (1)…

The United States Office of Education has funded under ESEA V, Section 505, a network of regional projects called the Interstate Projects for State Planning and Program Consolidation since January 1968. The participants in the projects include all 50 state education agencies and the departments of education in U.S. possessions and territories. The…

Policies for research and development and for innovation in education must be integrated within the broader societal context and their implementation must take into account the political and administrative structures of individual countries. Against this understanding, the discussion is presented in three stages: the creation of an environment…