Presents evidence to establish that instructional technology applications often result in transfer of training failures, which are attributed to inappropriate mixing of behaviorist and cognitive instructional design models. Specific suggestions are made for instructional design prescriptions that support different levels of transfer for different…

Examines issues in broad-based training in the context of transfer of training. Classical research findings on transfer are summarized and training policy implications are drawn. Transfer is reexamined relative to recent ideas in cognitive psychology, training methods to enhance transfer are suggested, and future research needs are addressed.…

Presents an overview of computer assisted instruction (CAI) as an instructional technique; describes studies on CAI effectiveness in compensatory education; discusses elements that need to be addressed to create a positive relationship between CAI, compensatory education, and achievement gains; and reviews evaluation designs appropriate in…

A comparison of teachers' professional perspectives in France and Great Britain shows that in each country the differences that exist in political, institutional, and ideological terms interact in different ways to inhibit change and reinforce a similar degree of conservatism. To fully understand national differences, comparative classroom…

Analyzes factors which have contributed to the poor conditions of large cities: failure of courage to deal with racism; individualism; short-term thinking; political nonaccountability; diversity of peoples and information; loss of faith in leaders and in nation; and threat of nuclear war. Calls for new policy initiatives and outlines an urban…

The problem of pacing distance learning students is discussed together with suggested pacing methods: insertion of questions in text of study guides; short-term, regular assignments; tutorial letters; audiocassette and videotape usage; and computer assisted instruction. (MBR)

Discusses: educational needs of today's technological society; educational opportunities made possible by computers and other information technologies; research needed to realize such opportunities (including research on cognitive processes, social issues, use of computers as intellectual tools and tutors, and other areas); educational research…

Explores limits of existing knowledge and research on the joint and separate effects of racism and sexism. Proposes an "interactive" approach to studying the two problems that, in defining the complex meanings of racism and sexism, capitalizes on the experiences of Black women and all other gender-race groups. (Author/ML)

Presents guidelines for determining when interactive courseware requiring single-keypress responses (multiple choice answers) and constructed responses (typed-in answers) are appropriate for use in the classroom. Research findings of studies concerned with these response types are briefly discussed, and needs for further research are outlined.…

The president of the California Institute of Technology speaks out against the arms race. He discusses worthwhile scientific-technological projects that could be pursued with money presently used for weapons. There are no technical solutions to arms control issues. The solution depends upon a change of human attitude. Education's role is…

The general educational research literature indicates that computer-assisted instruction (CAI) can be an effective instructional strategy. However, there is a need for methods and tools for measuring the cost effectiveness of CAI. A taxonomy for addressing questions of cost in CAI is presented. (Author/RM)

Suggests the need for research in the following areas: (1) the continued use of inappropriate approaches to teaching language skills; (2) the lack of required student participation in volunteer work within the school or community; and (3) the lack of organization in school systems to facilitate the ongoing collection and organization of data for…

Career development literature suggests that faculty evaluate and redefine their life structures throughout their careers. As a result, there are age group differences in teaching interests, performance, and overall personal investment in their colleges. Longitudinal research should begin to collect data to differentiate between developmental and…

Contradictions in the literature abound concerning Franz Cizek's role in fostering creative art. Researchers should turn to student recollections to determine what Franz Cizek's contribution to art education really was. A former Cizek student who today is prominent in design work is interviewed. (RM)

Examines flaws in the literature of dialect interference, examines the seven correlates of Patrick Hartwell's print code hypothesis and finds them wanting or uninstructive, and sets forth suggestions for a more sophisticated study of this issue. (HOD)