The works of John Dewey and John Childs are reviewed with reference to the implications for research inherent in society's moral choice to provide a democratic education for its children. The selectivity of the educational system represents a moral choice in that it is a deliberate structuring of learning tasks, formulated by adults, for the…

Noting that one means of better understanding the nature of cultural differences is to elucidate the cognitive differences between members of differing cultures, this paper examines Alexander Luria's sociohistorical theory of functional cognitive systems. The paper first describes Luria's notion of functional systems, the crux of which postulates…

The possibility that judges' expectancy effects may adversely affect the results of jury trials is a problem that needs careful theoretical analysis and innovative methods of resolution. Traditional efforts by the legal community to counteract the threat of verbal/nonverbal bias by judges include the "Code of Judicial Conduct," curative…

The paper suggests that new values created by modern forms of leisure have intersected with critical changes in the work structure to form a new social pattern. The new pattern emerges from a crisis in industrial societies. Factors which have created this crisis include the rupture of the time frames of society (how work and non-work are…

Brief description of the focus of five areas of research into higher education conducted by the National Swedish Board of Universities and Colleges are presented. These five research or problem areas are as follows: the role of higher education in society, higher education as a system (structure and governance), the environment and working methods…

Proceedings of a study group that considered the utility of the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) finance data for institutional and higher educational sector comparisons are presented, as are issue papers and descriptive information. The study group of representatives from higher education institutions and organizations outlined…

NEEDED RESEARCH IN TEACHER SELECTION IS DISCUSSED UNDER FOUR CATEGORIES. (1) TO IDENTIFY THE BEHAVIORS THAT DEFINE EFFECTIVENESS IN THE MANY ASPECTS OF THE TEACHING TASK, MANY SETS OF REQUIREMENTS ARE NEEDED, NOT A SINGLE SET. TASK ANALYSIS PROCEDURES AND CRITICAL INCIDENT TECHNIQUES ARE PROPOSED, AND DIFFERENCES AMONG STUDENTS (E.G., IN…

Finnish research in adult education falls into three categories: philosophical, historical, and empirical. (Philosophical research involves the analysis of the concept of adult education and its relationship to other levels of education. Empirical research embraces the psychological and sociological study of students, teachers, institutions, and…

This information paper on the major income and employment issues affecting older Americans survey the economic impacts of an aging population, presents an agenda for future research into principle income and employment policy issues, and provides an outline of those policy options to be reviewed as a basis for governmental policy formation.…

Most of the articles in this book evolved from papers presented during the Fourth Quadrennial International Intervisitation Program in Educational Administration held in Canada in 1978. Its purposes were to inform educational leaders from around the world about educational administration, organization, and policy in Canada and to provide a forum…

The extent to which women's studies has been involved in faculty development activities was examined. Among the sources used in the analysis were the faculty development literature published since 1975, information from women's studies programs in the United States, and "Seven Years Later: Women's Studies Programs in 1976," by Florence Howe. It…

A literature review examined the research concerning adult development and graduate education. An initial literature review indicated that little research had been done. Three critiques were developed concerning the literature in adult development: dispersion of adult research literature throughout various disciplines, concentratlon on adult…

This conference paper reports a search for information about research on continuing education in New Zealand carried out by people working in or with organizations and agencies usually classified as educational or for research related to those agencies. A section on information sources used is followed by one discussing trends in research. Four…

This article reviews research conducted on the interpersonal influence process in counseling, specifically those studies relating to counselor expertise, attractiveness, and trustworthiness. The review is organized and analyzed in terms of variables affecting the client's perception of critical counselor characteristics and effects of the…

This paper compares research interests of anthropologists and sociologists. The hypothesis is that similarities in the way in which anthropologists and sociologists define and gather data may produce convergences in style and methods of research, particularly in field work situations. Field work is interpreted to include practical and/or research…