Most instructors of adults continue to use pedagogical models devised for teaching children, adolescents, or college students. Instructors must be prepared to meet the special demands and needs of adult learners. Five recommendations for stimulating research in this area of teacher education are given. (PP)

Daniel Bell's theories about post industrial society are critiqued, and their relevance for educational theorizing is questioned. Educational theorists should not uncritically accept ideas arising in other areas of the social sciences, but should establish their own structure based on philosophy, science, and humanism. (PP)

An analysis of 93 research studies involving 323 samples of students reassigned from segregated to desegregated schools by government action determined that differences in findings can be attributed to differences in methodology. Of the seven types of methodologies studied, randomized experiments all showed positive achievement effects. (Author/KC)

Deliberately involving urban education stakeholders in the Cities-in-Schools evaluation study improved the utility of the findings for formative evaluation stakeholders but not for summative evaluation stakeholders. (Author/PN)

The American Educational Research Association (AERA) must actively promote equality and affirmative action for women in view of current federal policy's negative impact on equity. AERA needs to focus on issues concerning women's traditional roles, knowledge about women and humankind, and women's professional roles in education. (Author/MJL)

This article demonstrates how personal construct theory is used to make generalizations about the perceptions of those in educational and other organizations and to identify organizational subcultures. Constructivist researchers should focus on the individual within the organization, rather than strive for generalized norms about organizational…

Concludes that greater attention must be paid to program evaluation, differential treatment models must be identified that address sequence of treatment within a semester and across several semesters, and reading research must be reconceptualized along the lines of retention research if college reading instruction is to be effective. (FL)

Considers three areas of research in which currently accepted research practices are contrasted with alternative practices in order to establish the validity of the incumbent and/or the value of the newer approach. Implications for appropriate research methodology in counseling psychology are discussed. (Author/RC)

This paper concentrates upon some of the major issues which affect research and development in teacher education and attempts to suggest how these factors may influence future work in this complex field. (Part of a theme issue on the future of teacher education in England.) (Author/SJL)

Defines gender in a sociological context. Proposes need for a self-system to integrate diverse findings on socialization and social control and to do justice to diversity of individuals' psychological relationships with gender. Explores concepts of social power, status, and role relationships as keys to gender study. (RC)

Discusses the health hazards of working with the visual display systems of computers, in particular the eye problems associated with long-term use of video display terminals. Excerpts from and ordering information for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health report on such hazards are included. (JJD)

The need for understanding how teachers learn to teach mathematics is proposed as a prerequisite for designing effective teacher education programs. Focus would be on: (1) teachers' beliefs about teaching; (2) what is being taught; (3) explanations about how their students learn; and (4) how those beliefs relate to instructional decisions. (PP)

The roles of the school, health education programs, and health education research in decreasing the risk of cardiovascular and heart disease are discussed. (CJ)

Reviews empirical research on the effects of deinstitutionalization programs on families, focusing on family treatment, labeling, scapegoating of the youth, and widening the net of the juvenile justice system. Raises concerns about the potential cost of deinstitutionalization to family members brought into treatment. (Author/MJL)