Using data from the 10th grade Washington Assessment of Student Learning, researchers selected 26 high schools across the state of Washington that had made greater gains in school improvement than other schools serving similar populations of students. Interviews were held with the principals of these schools and with 13 comparison schools that had…

The research examines the hypothesis that predictive validity will be greater for a test given under stress instructions than for a test given under relax instructions. (Author)

Describes some major findings from two national surveys to determine what factors most influence academic achievement. Findings indicate, in part, that the more instruction a child gets the more he learns, home and community play a more influential role in student reading than do schools, and that schools have little success in closing the…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competition on the level of schizophrenic thought disorder by having groups of schizophrenics perform a task under competitive and noncompetitive conditions. (Author)

Data from 192 eighth graders who had a mathematics lesson and success/failure treatment were analyzed. Results on measures of mathematics performance and mathematics test anxiety were not significant. Analysis of covariance with intelligence as a covariate indicated that test anxiety was marginally significant in mathematics learning. (MS)

The results of this study suggest that both social class and race affect the attributional patterns associated with these variables. If it is assumed that teachers' perceptions of children's perception of their performance are another source of interpersonal expectancies, then attribution theory provides a useful framework for the investigation of…

It was concluded that, at best, self-presentation effects are weak and unobserved by the current investigators (Beta error), or at worst the result of extraneous sources of variation. (Author)

It is concluded that stimulus grouping can aid short-term memory span only when the method of stimulus grouping is compatible with the method of response grouping. (Author/CB)

Purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of pre- and postshift stimulus similarity, type of shift, and difficulty of discrimination in the standard solution shift - concept identification paradigm. (Authors/CB)

Results supported the hypothesis that increasing numbers of coactors results in increasing impairment of motor performance. (Authors)

Although children given tangible reward performed better than children given intangible reward, neither type of reward had an effect that was significantly different from the level attained by a control group which received no explicit reward at all. (Authors)

This study investigated the parameters of the social reinforcement labeled indirect reinforcement" and examined its presence and effect in a natural school setting. (Author)

Greater response vigor following nonreward compared to reward is termed the frustration effect. (Author)