Reports on a seven year study indiating that adults each year conduct five learning projects, each one requiring an average of one hundred hours. While some projects rely on instructors and classes and some on friends and peer groups, over 70 percent are self-planned. Some high priority directions for the future are suggested. (Author/CSS)

Discusses the concept of professionalization, two professionalism scales, a professionalism security typology, a Swedish survey that tested different ways of measuring professionalism, and occupational mobility, and research needs in this area. (GW)

The perspectives of this scholar-activist are focused on interactions between evaluation studies and policy research, and reflect a strong commitment to improving people's lives through the conduct of better research, targeted directly on policy-making processes. Journal availability: see TM 503 798. (Author/CP)

Studies using Marcia's identity status paradigm (achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and diffusion) are reviewed. The paradigm is evaluated concerning its construct and external validity; the rationale and discriminant validity of the identity statuses; the reliability of the Identity Status Interview; and future research problems. (For Part I,…

Chronicles the revival of media research during the 1960s and 1970s, and briefly discusses the stimuli for this revival. Outlines six proposals from Katz's report to the British Broadcasting Corporation on areas for further social research on broadcasting concerning problems of "media" and problems of "message." (JMF)

Notes that research has not isolated the effects of sexist reading material on the reader. (MKM)

A mail survey was conducted in 1977-78 to determine American Hispanists' perceived needs in research tools for Spanish and Portuguese literatures/linguistics. This article summarizes the study's findings and its recommendations as to which projects should receive the support of the National Endowment for the Humanities. (KM)

Concludes that the social sciences must meet the same standards of rationality and honesty as the natural sciences, and, in addition, be wary of the uncertainties that arise from bias within and from the interests at stake outside. (Author)

Explores research needs in urban design. Presents models for research design. (MA)

Analyzes the current state of university education in Russia and identifies trends which will influence future development. Currently, most graduates become secondary school teachers. It is hoped that more future graduates will work in specialized institutions of higher education, research institutions, or the national economy. (Author/AV)

This paper examines 38 research studies that were conducted on various aspects of organization development (OD) technology. The studies are compared along eight dimensions. Problems associated with evaluating OD and the limited amount of OD research are discussed. It is argued that more systematic, longitudinal research on OD is needed. (Author)

The author presents a research methodology that addresses the problems of (1) integrating research on teacher effectiveness and research on training effectiveness; and (2) combining teacher trainer and researcher in a common effort to develop professional competence in teaching. (MJB)

Suggests that small group researchers investigate message variables as a method of communication analysis. Provides examples of research-based behavioral objectives for small group communication classes. (MH)

Research and practitioners are both at fault for failing to understand and communicate with each other. The result has been mutual animosity and a failure of research to bolster educational practice in the way it should. (Author/DS)

Identifies basic tasks in Chinese writing reform. These include simplification of characters, spreading the use of the standard vernacular, and spreading the use of phonetic spelling. (Author/DB)