Grading style refers to the regularities and variations in the judging habits of instructors. To test the contention that grading is a communication act and ought to be related to other communication variables like instructor responsiveness, a study examined data collected from 15 teaching assistants and 2 faculty members. In addition, it reviewed…

One area of the writing process that has received considerable attention is revision. A case study was conducted to generate a picture of the effects of revision on texts, the writers' intentions and perceptions, and readers' assessments of the written products. Three students--Dan, Alex, and Miranda--enrolled in a required expository writing…

Presents a study of paired-associative learning involving a total of 80 preschool and second grade children. Four familiarization categories of pretraining were utilized; results are discussed in terms of the effects of pretraining conditions and age on paired-associative learning and their consistency with some developmental hypotheses and phase…

This paper outlines current cognitive perspectives on second language acquisition (SLA). The Associative-Cognitive CREED holds that SLA is governed by the same principles of associative and cognitive learning that underpin the rest of human knowledge. The major principles of the framework are that SLA is Construction-based, Rational,…

This study compared the conceptual rule learning performance of normal and learning disabled children. Subjects for the study were 18 normal and 18 learning disabled children with mean ages of 9.4 and 9.3 years and mean IQ scores of 103.1 and 101.6 respectively. The children were matched for age, IQ, sex and race. Four types of rules (affirmation,…

This paper presents a study of the looking and looking away or gaze alternation behavior of both full term and preterm infants in the presence of varying degrees of facial animation. The faces used in the study included, in increasing order of animation, a Raggedy Ann doll's face, a moving and talking doll's face, a mother's less animated face…

An alternative operationalization of perceived marital power is proposed. Four types of power structure are identified and described: equalitarian marriages, husband dominated marriages, wife dominated marriages and marriages with differently perceived power structures. Two other variables (spouses' influence techniques and the use of physical…

Forty female undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of four stress-inducing conditions: one group was given a defensive strategy in the form of denial, rationalization, and intellectualization self-statements (Film S-T); a second was given self-statements designed to help them control their arousal (Arousal S-T); a third group was given…

In a sixth-grade unit, students learned about people's facial expressions through careful observation, recording, reporting, and generalizing. The students studied the faces of people of various ages; explored "masks" that people wear in different situations; learned about the use of ritual masks; made case studies of individuals to show…

This paper contains a description of the status of a project on student information processing responses that mediate teaching effects in classroom settings. The central activity of the project is the construction of a conceptual model that relates classroom task structures to student information processing and to subject-matter achievement. The…

In a study of the effects of pictorial stimuli on story recall, 64 second graders were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and two control groups. The learning materials consisted of two orally presented ten-sentence stories. The experimental subjects viewed pictures while the stories were read, and the control groups followed the printed…

Rotter's social learning theory was used as a basis for studying the effects of locus of control on the frequency of the responses of undesirable behaviors. Subjects, 12 fifth graders who had operant levels higher than desirable were monitored by either themselves, a peer, or by no agent for a period of eight weeks. Classes of behaviors…

Based on the author's PhD dissertation, University of Arkansas.

Teachers' perceptions of students' adjustment to first grade were investigated in an attempt to discover whether or not the extended kindergarten day (EKD) affects such adjustment. The sample consisted of 80 children from 10 public first grade classrooms in a central Colorado school district. Eight children were randomly selected from each…

Although recognition of problems posed by critical client statements and recommendations for counselors' understanding, empathy, and confrontation abound, interventions to aid counselors in coping with critical client statements are rare. Graduate-level counselor trainees (N=40) were assigned to one of four methods of supervision: interpersonal…