Cites the advantages and disadvantages for school districts of centralized food preparation and of the different food systems such as hot food systems, transporting cold or frozen food, and cook-chill systems. (MLF)

In 1992, the Further and Higher Education Act unified higher education in England, Wales, and Scotland, ending the "binary policy" that sustained two separate sectors with different missions, funding arrangements, and institutional titles. This article explores factors leading to this outcome and some consequences. There was no grand…

Documents local variability in response to state-mandated reform in Maryland and illustrates the challenges of implementing centralized policy as an educational improvement tool. Discusses a longitudinal project exploring student and staff experience at five diverse high schools. Advises improvement-minded state-level policymakers to be more…

The current school reform era has moved through a series of phases, coupling state centralization with a focus on school-level change at each step. Yet this era of reform also has a deeper history. Its deeper history reveals the dynamics that would plague the school reform era until the present day. While the school reform era seemed to focus on…

Reports on a study which postulated that within educational organizations conflict was a function of school size, specialization of teaching, and the centralization of decision-making authority. A reciprocal relationship was also posited between intra-hierarchical and inter-hierarchical conflict. (Author/SF)

Examines and describes the extent of regionalization in the administration of public education in Canada. Focus is on the features of regional offices of education. (Author/DN))

A system for the statewide coordination of higher education that emphasizes centralized accountability and decentralized management should ensure that the concept of institutional autonomy is preserved. (Editor/PG)

Reprint from "SATURDAY REVIEW, January 11, 1968.

The increasing costs of higher education and doubts about its importance, and the decreasing marketability of a college degree have made those responsible for appropriating public funds and the consumers of higher education services demand greater accountability from public institutions. These demands, as well as internal demands for greater…

Following the principle of planned development for all phases of economic and cultural institutions, library planning and the resultant library legislation in socialist countries emanates from the supreme legislative authority of the state. Historically, existing legislation derives from the date of establishment of socialist governments. Library…

This paper discusses educational innovation and is comprised of five sections: (1) a review of previous years of educational innovations in the U.S., (2) processes associated with innovation, including an analysis of two national case studies, (3) research findings about the implementation of innovations, (4) a major thesis about centralized…

This evaluation was conducted to review library service to Massachusetts state institutions and to examine levels of present or potential cooperation among all types of libraries. Based on interviews and questionnaires, the study is divided into three areas: resources for all types of libraries, service to state institutions, and library service…

This manual outlines the ordering, cataloging and classification, and processing procedures for books, periodicals, government documents, and non-book materials for a central library serving three schools--a co-ed elementary school and separate junior-senior high schools for boys and girls--and four special libraries--a fine and rare books…

In 1977 the Public Library Commission, in conjunction with the State Library of Pennsylvania, received a Library Services and Construction Act, Title III Grant to conduct a feasibility study of technical service operations in various types of libraries within Beaver County. Its objectives were to: (1) analyze existing library materials purchasing…

Traditionally Sweden's educational system has been highly centralized; physical characteristics, administrative factors, and teacher qualifications have been generally standardized as have curriculums, though local implementation has been afforded considerable freedom. In 1971 the upper secondary school (9-12) consolidated three previously…