The effects of Norway's government-driven policy changes to improve efficiency and quality in higher education on graduate study are examined, particularly as they affect the social sciences and humanities. Patterns in degree production until 1993 are examined, and the consequences of the recent market orientation are discussed. (MSE)

Tensions arising in the college classroom when a teacher attempts to change instructional practice and meets resistance are examined. It is suggested that the common response is for both teacher and students to struggle to overcome tensions entirely, which tends to reproduce the original instructional problems. Alternative approaches that can…

Libraries need to adapt their systems for the collection, preservation, organization, and distribution of information to take advantage of new technology and communication tools. Libraries that successfully adapt these systems will become a more central institution in the community served. (AEF)

Libraries are moving to an environment where information resources are located worldwide and can be accessed from remote locations. Librarians need to free themselves from the constraints of the reference desk. Implementing a hierarchical model with a mix of librarian and nonlibrarian staffing can improve user services. (JMV)

Describes four educators' experiences as they implemented antibias curriculum and church-based programs in their classrooms. Proposes methods that can foster children's awareness of racial and cultural diversity, and analyzes the importance and benefits of being part of a program that is rooted in antibias-multicultural principles. (AA)

This study of five bilingual special education teachers identified three factors affecting attempts to change instructional practices: (1) a positive correlation between special education training and a reductionist approach; (2) relationship between changing both instructional practices and beliefs; and (3) the importance of including fellow…

Improving economic opportunities for the increasing number of women farmers in rural Central America involves addressing low educational levels and challenging traditional social values. Government policies need to strengthen women's agricultural and natural-resource management skills by improving land access; encouraging membership in…

Reviews programs and policies developed for college students from diverse cultural backgrounds, discussing Alaska Native students at one institution. The article examines tensions between university and indigenous student cultures, noting changes and accommodations negotiated to help develop environments to promote student success and maintenance…

A discussion of medical education in Germany, particularly since unification of East and West Germany, looks at the number of practicing physicians in Germany and their practice settings, number of medical students, medical school admission policies and curricula, and nature of postgraduate training. Proposed reforms are outlined, and the…

A study investigated the steps in college faculty recruitment in Britain, in an attempt to understand the role recruitment and selection play in shaping disciplines. Steps in recruitment (job creation, job definition, listings, references, presentations, interviews) for 10 jobs in English were examined, based on interviews with candidates,…

The changing style of interaction between government and higher education interest groups in Australia is chronicled from 1985 to 1994. Three stages of policy formation are identified: a stable policy community until 1987; a period of state direction (1988-90) when major reforms were introduced; and a more recent, unstable "issues…

Discusses the relationship between systemic educational reform policy instruments and their effect on changing and improving teaching practice. The author argues that the system in systemic reform is not well matched with the nature of instruction because of the lack of analysis being done on how instructional practice is constituted or how it…

Examines the nature of instructional capacity and its key components, and discusses the issues of improving human capital, quantity and quality of teaching resources, instructional cultures, and performance. A table is presented providing examples of capacity-building strategies at three system levels (that is, school, district, and state). The…

The impact on higher education equity and diversity of Australia's recent shift from elite to mass higher education is assessed. Among the issues discussed are institutional role and autonomy, changes in regulation, market forces in higher education, and competition among institutions. (MSE)

Uses OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) interlibrary loan (ILL) statistics to support a presentation of trends in library access, ownership and resource sharing. Statistical tables and a discussion of ILL activity specifically focus on ILL's increasing technological and economic requirements. Suggestions are made on how libraries may meet these…