The Community Transition Team Model guides the process of systematic program change in secondary special education and transition programs in Oregon. The model uses a management-by-objectives paradigm for implementing its principles, which include local control, a developmental perspective on change, a focus on program capacity, and networking…

Fundamental attitudinal and behavioral changes must occur among faculty, librarians, and students alike before colleges can implement effective information literacy programs. Successful change will require acknowledgment of barriers, collaborative effort, and establishment of a learning community for an information-rich environment. (Author/MSE)

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism are the leading health problems among American Indian communities. Public policy options that address these problems include controlling the supply of alcoholic beverages; shaping drinking practices directly; or reducing physical and social environmental risks. Discusses alcohol-related death rates and community…

In a survey of early childhood program directors, teachers, and parents, over 90 percent felt teachers were underpaid and most were pessimistic about prospects for change. Lobbying, media campaigns, and working with employers were cited as effective strategies for improving wages, while walkouts and unionizing were rejected. (AC)

A survey indicates that declining resources, merging of programs, and loss of faculty positions characterize the changes in programs in higher education as a field of study and suggest an uncertain future. However, most programs see themselves as strong and programs that were prominent in the last decade remain so. (Author/MSE)

Discusses distance education efforts in Indonesia and examines problems that have been encountered with adopting Western models that have not been adapted to the cultural behavior of Indonesian teachers and students. Indonesian heteronomy is discussed, the oral learning tradition is examined, and suggestions for changing the distance education…

A survey of 12 policymakers (government officials, college presidents, midlevel administrators, faculty, and trustees) identified the 5 most influential actions concerning British Columbia (Canada) community colleges in the period 1980-91. They include a 1988 policy report, a provincial fiscal restraint program, creation of university-colleges,…

It is not enough for university governing boards and chief executives to decide the system must change; leadership must convince constituents that everyone has something to gain. When the University of Maryland's campuses could not reach consensus in paring programs, the system board stepped in to foster collaboration and cooperation. (Author/MSE)

In answer to sweeping reform of public schools in Oregon, the state's colleges and universities are adopting proficiency-based admissions, designed to measure how much applicants know instead of how many courses they took in high school. Observers praise the higher education community's cooperative response to school reform efforts. (MSE)

A discussion of competency-based dental curricula describes broad changes in educational thought that heighten interest in competency-based education and offers suggestions: revise the teacher-student relationship; base curriculum development on heightened aspirations for students and dentistry; view dental schools as learning organizations; and…

Societal issues likely to affect higher and professional education in the near future and how the university can respond are examined. Issues discussed include trends in higher education enrollment, technological advancement, rapidly increasing cultural pluralism in the United States, student aid in a time of retrenchment, and institutional…

Discusses who school health nurses are and what they can offer, noting that policymakers and administrators are looking to expand the roles of schools and the professionals within them to enhance child health. The article discusses new models for school health, examining inside nursing issues and policy and administrative contexts. (SM)

A discussion of the difficulties and progress of Indian higher education in the postcolonial era concludes that, although there have been some gains, problems exist in overexpansion, inadequate resources, political influences, and general lack of vigor in the higher education system. Several initiatives are suggested. (MSE)

This review of performance assessment and special education considers forces influencing assessment changes, performance-based assessment as an alternative to traditional assessment, current use of performance assessment, a critique of performance assessment, the future of performance assessment, and the role of curriculum and teachers. An action…

Current challenges in women's health in the United States are examined, and Public Health Service initiatives to address them are discussed. Regarding women's oral health, special attention in two areas is advised: (1) recruitment, retention, and career development of women in dental research and education; and (2) research on women's dental…