Principals play an important role in the success of externally funded change projects in their schools. Interviews exploring the participation of principals in such projects in 14 Oregon elementary and secondary schools provided 11 case studies illustrating helpful and unhelpful behaviors. The projects were found to have life cycles of their own,…

This proposal for the restructuring of teaching and learning in the Dundee College of Education (Scotland) evolved from a perceived need to identify and bridge any gap between education and society. The establishment of four Academic Councils was proposed to examine the following areas: (1) the management of learning and teaching from the unique…

Both interactive (two-way) and traditional (one-way) television programs on new ideas about teaching were made available to teachers in a study of using cable television as a delivery system for diffusing new ideas in schools. Teachers of grades one through six in 41 schools were interviewed before and after a full year of using the interactive…

In order to effectively change the Civil Service Commission qualification and classification standards for Librarian and Technical Information Services professional positions, these standards must be examined with regard to current conditions as well as future developments in technology and socioeconomic and political trends that will affect…

This document contains chapters 4 and 5 of the final report of the Project on Social Architecture in Education. Chapter 4 provides a brief overview of the activities of the project in order to sketch the context out of which the case studies, conclusions, and learning materials emerged. Chapter 5 discusses and evaluates six major strands of…

Common problems and possible solutions in communication with rural villagers in developing countries are discussed in terms of communication extension strategies, mass communication media, the use of simple communication technology in place of the more sophisticated and expensive methods, a case study of a successful communication project in…

There are three ways parents can be involved in school life: (1) parent change programs; (2) school change approach; and (3) parent organizations. The problem with parent change programs is that they operate on the naive assumption that children's problems are the result of their parents' inadequacies. They imply that the parent, rather than the…

This report is designed to acquaint secondary school teachers and other interested individuals with a redesigned business education program for New York state. The program, reviewed in ten sections, focuses on competency identification, new modules, curriculum patterns, regent's examination modifications, etc. Initially, challenges facing business…

This monograph discusses how to bring about changes and reforms in the area of human services. The introduction defines human services and briefly discusses some reform movements and whether or not viable change methods are available. Section I discusses the roles of various change participants including the change agent, lobbyist, ombudsman,…

Forum, published twice yearly, is one of a group of educational publications and teaching units provided for consumer educators as a public service by J.C. Penney Company and obtainable from a local store manager or J. C. Penney, 1301 Avenue of the Americas, N.Y. 10019. Since many people function as change agents, this issue was developed to bring…

Social change goals and objectives may be achieved by social change advocates through the policy development process. Policy is defined as a set of decisions governing the behavior and actions of institutions and individuals. The legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government comprise the major policy institutions. The bureaucracy of…

Urban school districts must initiate effective support systems to enable their human resources to respond quickly and adequately to the social and educational changes occurring in cities. This paper presents a staff development model, the components of which are planning, delivery, and needs assessment. The author stresses the need for an…

Because of the decline of farm population and family farms, the increase in energy-intensivity, and concentration process in agriculture, a rising tide of criticism has focused on the land grant system and its role in encouraging scientific applications supporting these trends. A study was conducted to develop a strategy that would change…

A summary of studies on sexism in books leads to the conclusion that nonsexist books should be included in the elementary curriculum so that children can be exposed to a variety of lifestyles and career options. Various checklists and guidelines for evaluating the sex fairness of reading materials are available. Activities that can be used to…

During the past two decades federal, state, and local school leaders have attempted to institute major changes in educational programs and organizational arrangements. Recent assessment studies reveal that the great majority of change efforts did not meet intended objectives. As a result, policy formulators have developed serious reservations…