The work presented in this monograph is the author's own attempt to piece together a representative review of the literature on educational accountability; this attempt admittedly overlooks many works, does not always offer "the best" works (simply representative ones), and is patterned after the author's own observations of what is…

The revised papers from the federally sponsored summer institute on school reform (June 19 to August 18, 1972) and additional papers on school administration and the history of school reform make up this report. The papers do not constitute a systematic, coherent treatment of school reform or set forth a plan for school reform. Rather, they treat…

A foremost author on the subject of the British primary school movement addresses himself to teachers, parents, administrators, school board members, and to the general public outside Great Britain--to all those with a mind open to the possibility of change but with a strong determination not to change unless good cause can be shown for it. He…

Recent studies confirm that organized labor's role in society does not get fair treatment in the social studies and American history courses of the nation's schools. The report covers the first stage of AFL-CIO efforts in dealing with this problem, bringing together concerned persons in labor and education. Following the opening of the conference…

A questionnaire was designed to elicit the views of British headteachers in terms of their roles as relatively autonomous heads of primary schools. A survey of the literature dealing with informal education, official documents, and to a lesser extent, the observations made by the researcher in the course of this study, were used as secondary…

In searching for a concept of organization which recognizes its base in human action rather than in objective structure, the author draws on a European tradition stemming from the works of Max Weber. This tradition, combined with examples of organizational life in schools, serves to identify implications for those who attempt to design better…

The paper examines the social structure of Canada's agricultural production. It argues that "the official development strategy is typical of state involvement in maturing capitalist economies and that, in so far as these policies are successful, they bring to an end small scale production of primary products by absorbing rural people into an…

Response to change in educational institutions requires information about influential factors. The conceptual framework which guided this study views the process of change in three basic phases. First, there is an antecedent phase which necessitates the coming together of an advocate with an innovation designed for some set of consumers. Once…

The "Marshmallow Principle" introduced in this paper is stated as follows: "External pressure exerted on an organization to change its basic structure will, for as long as that pressure is applied, cause the organization's structure to bend and assume a new shape. Once the pressure is removed, the organization will reassume its original shape.…

There are several commonly accepted college and university governance concepts and management styles: (1) the assumption that organizational goals can be precisely defined and that institutional processes are widely understood; (2) the collective bargaining concept, which assumes that there are fundamentally conflicting interests within the…

School districts were identified that were involved in implementation of recent National Science Foundation (NSF) elementary school science curricula and in corresponding in-service work. Questionnaires sent to 6 school districts, selected somewhat randomly from across the 50 states and the District of Columbia, compiled information regarding…

This document examines the policy issue of balance between the National Institute of Education's (NIE) role in directing research and development projects and that of field-initiated efforts in the educational R/D & I field. The issue is approached from a systems analysis view: NIE's mission (grouped into research, development,…

This manual describes the Turtle Technique which was developed to help children with behavior problems control their own disruptive behavior. The technique differs from other behavior modification techniques in that it is based upon self-control rather than external control of disruptive behavior. The Turtle Technique first teaches the child how…

This report summarizes the African Regional Seminar for Advanced Training in Systematic Curriculum Development and Evaluation that was held at Achimota, Ghana, July 14-August 15 1975. Attending the seminar were 67 participants from 12 African countries, including Cameroon, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Swaziland,…

This study is a survey and analysis of literature related to the current future movement and its implications for educational practice. The results of this study indicate that even though futurists are varied in their ideas and approaches, there is general agreement among those surveyed on the following: (1) there is a noticeable stance among…