Two major reports on the financing of special education and the use of Public Law 94-142 discretionary and set-aside funds are analyzed, focusing on the funds' impact on state and local education agencies. Key factors in utilization of these monies are political realities and the legal need for flexibility. (Author/JDD)

In Africa, higher education institutions have attempted to meet the developmental needs of their host societies without basic alterations in academic styles, organization, governance, or curricula. This study accordingly investigates the role of Makarere University's contribution to the national development of Uganda and makes recommendations…

Harold Howe, former U.S. Commissioner of Education, comments on the roots of the equal opportunity in higher education movement, its expectations for students, future funding potential for developmental education and instructional improvement, ways to enhance support programs, and the impact of current political trends on equal opportunity. (DMM)

Discusses the various ways that environmental education is defined. Emphasizes the influence that environmental education can have on values and behaviors. Describes formal and informal approaches to environmental education, along with some of the problems of programs that exist in both of these realms. (TW)

Explores the relation of educational evaluation and quality, arguing that true educational improvement depends on public debate that regards evaluation and quality as indispensable partners. Reviews limitations of current achievement tests as accurate measures of student or teacher competency. Notes problems including subject matter restrictions,…

To address the problem of high risk youth, policy makers must know the following: (1) trend data on risk categories; (2) what schools should do in relationship to what other agencies and institutions should do; (3) factors contributing to the success of present programs; and (4) results of past policies on behavior of risk groups. (PS)

Bilingual education is inherently political because it involves power relations between dominant and dominated groups. Effective anti-racist bilingual programs will be vehemently resisted by the dominant group despite research evidence because they threaten the power of the dominant group. (LHW)

The Puerto Rican community's fight for bilingual education is a political struggle against linguistic and cultural genocide. Outlining the history of Puerto Ricans in the U.S., argues that bilingual education is essential and efforts to ensure it must be intensified. (LHW)

Examines the Supreme Court's historical treatment of the Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment to better understand the meaning of the Constitution's founding. That the Constitution does not offer an absolute protection is supported by analyzing a broad outline of the Constitution and several court cases involving due process. (TRS)

Traditional separation of politics and education creates two distinct bodies of literature neither of which is adequate for an understanding of the dilemmas school administrators face. Political realities should be recognized and a school commissioner should be responsible to the mayor. (Author/LHW)

Analyzes the political implications of two reports on educational reform: "Tomorrow's Teachers" and the Carnegie Task Force's "A Nation Prepared: Teachers for the 21st Century." Proposed changes involving career ladders, a national standards board, and abolition of undergraduate teacher education will produce power struggles over evaluation…

This case study of the Early Childhood Education Program (California) focuses on the political meaning of evaluation. It shows how analysis of evaluation politics reveals who controls education policy, which values are prevailing and dominant, and which definitions of policy goals constitute the assumptive world. (RDN)

The National Education Association questions the effectiveness and presents the negative aspects of state programs to test the minimum competency of practicing teachers. Teacher competency should be ensured through high standards for entering teachers and annual evaluation and professional development opportunities at the district level for…

In the last 40 years the Canadian North has changed socially and culturally as a result of economic pressures and federal government policy decisions. Environmental and cultural conditions of the Canadian North are discussed, and the past, present, and future roles of the North in Canada are examined. (RM)

There is a growing unacknowledged reality to the oneness of America. Latin America is increasingly sharing not only the blessings of U.S.-style modernization, but its demons as well. Also, many problems that have long plagued Latin America, e.g., indebtedness and militarism, are becoming more apparent in the United States. (RM)