Females' underperformance in mathematics is discussed as a function of negative expectancies by parents, teachers, and peers. These negative expectancies of significant others lead to negative self-expectancies and negative attitudes about mathematics on the part of female students. These negative expectancies and attitudes lead to lower…

This paper presents findings of a study that investigated factors that contribute to the engagement of students. Based on the theoretical model of Newmann, Wehlage, and Lamborn (1992), the study examined the effect of instructional approaches of teachers, contextual features of classrooms, and attributes of student experience on students'…

The United States ranks first in the world among major industrialized nations in school costs and ranks nearly last in student achievement. Three massive changes in state educational policies during the last half century may account for this low educational productivity. From 1940 to 1990: (1) the number of U.S. school districts decreased 87…

Project SEED is a U.S. nationwide program in which professional mathematicians and scientists from major universities, research corporations, and the community teach abstract, conceptually oriented mathematics to full-sized classes of elementary school children on a daily basis as an extra-period supplement to their mathematics program. The…

This report presents national summaries and state-by-state descriptions of the types and results of achievement information submitted by state educational agencies on the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act (ECIA) Chapter 1 Migrant Education Program for the 1987-88 school year. Thirty-six states (out of 49) provided statewide achievement…

This paper describes uses of technology in a rural school in Mississippi and presents the results of a study on calculator use in mathematics instruction. Computers are used in this district for scheduling, record keeping, and instruction, such as the Writing to Read Program. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics recommends the…

Since the mid-1980's, computers in elementary and middle grade schools have functioned to a large extent as a medium for student practice in the skills and concepts of basic mathematics and logic. This report presents the results of a 2-year nationwide field experiment designed to provide credible evidence about the effects of using computers in…

This brief report cites the grade of "poor" given to the United States educational system on the fourth of the six National Education Goals proposed by the President and the Governors in 1990. The fourth goal states that "By the Year 2000, U.S. students will be first in the world in science and mathematics achievement." The…

This study examined the effect of prekindergarten attendance on first graders' academic achievement. A literature review reported the results of other studies on the effects of early educational experiences, such as Head Start, on at-risk students' elementary school achievement. In general, these studies indicated that early educational…

This study was designed to investigate differential achievement effects of cooperative learning instruction in mathematics on students who seek group membership and on those who do not. The study was conducted in a suburban school district in Colorado. Participants were 3 classes of 5th-grade students (N=56) along with teachers who had received…

This report offers a tabulation of the reading and mathematics outcomes for schools in the Kansas City, Missouri, school district during the 1990-1991 school year under Effective Schools funding. Two tables present school district summary data according to grade and level of schooling. These tables list the number and percentage of schools that…

The 206 mathematics achievement tests cited in this bibliography are used to assess students' knowledge of various mathematical skills and operations. Many of the tests described are included because one or more of their subtests measure some aspect of mathematical knowledge. Although grades 1 through 12 are represented, the tests are primarily…

The 50 diagnostic mathematics tests cited in this bibliography are instruments to aid in analyzing students' strengths and weaknesses in various mathematical areas so as to provide more effective instruction, and/or placement in courses of instruction. The tests are primarily designed for preschool through grade 3. This document is one in a series…

In 1992-93, Saginaw (Michigan) School District bilingual and migrant programs operated as one program at 24 elementary schools, 4 junior high schools, and both high schools. Enrollments were 677 students, primarily Hispanics, in the bilingual program and 585 students in the migrant program, but there was considerable overlap between enrollments.…

The curriculum-embedded procedures used to construct, validate, and refine assessment tasks for mathematics are described and discussed. Curriculum-embedded assessment places assessment tasks in the day-to-day context of the classroom. The test of a curriculum-embedded task is whether it could be regarded as curriculum material per se. In…