Examines the effect of differences in governance structures, school-effectiveness factors, and classroom-level factors on mathematics achievement in public, Catholic, Protestant, and neutral schools in The Netherlands. Concludes that the higher mathematics achievement of Catholic pupils can be explained, in part, by the governance structure and…

This article describes the Math Olympiads for Elementary and Middle School, Inc., a non-for profit public foundation dedicated to strengthening the education of gifted youngsters though mathematics competitions. The development of the Olympiads, the program's structure, and the benefits of competition are discussed. Sample questions and answers…

Among 1,012 Nigerian ninth graders in 40 schools, girls in single-sex schools had higher mathematics achievement and less stereotypic views of mathematics than girls in coed schools, whereas boys in single-sex schools were negatively affected compared to those in coed schools. Contains 46 references. (SV)

The properties of Tucker's congruence coefficient--an index used to help determine the equality of latent structures for different subgroups on a common set of test items--are explored. An example using data from 1,370 subjects in the National Assessment of Educational Progress 1976 mathematics assessment illustrates the index's use. (SLD)

A Skills Reinforcement Project for 46 sixth grade students (many of whom were Black and Hispanic) not quite qualifying for the local (Pasadena, California) gifted program provided Saturday classes and a 2-week summer residential program. Significant gains were made in mathematics (but not reading) achievement resulting in increased program…

Discusses the organization and retrieval of information. Describes the tip-of-the-tongue state during mathematics problem solving. Provides five rules for a deep level of processing of new concepts. (YP)

Examined whether the relationship between selected affective variables and mathematics achievement was different for nontraditional college students (more than 25 years old) than for traditional students. Reports no significant differences for pretest/posttest between traditional/nontraditional students. Lists affective predictors for mathematics…

Discusses a primary teaching method for the concept of negative numbers. Describes some activities for teaching the concept. (YP)

Investigates the understanding of particular mathematical words or terms of secondary school students in Belfast. Presents sample items and results of two tests. Discusses some implications for the teaching of mathematics. (YP)

Investigated are the enrollment disparities and sex differences in the learning of post-secondary mathematics course. This article reports a disparity in the enrollment of females, however no significant difference in the mathematics achievement of males and females was seen. (Author/YP)

Described are the methodology of MUT (Mathematical Understanding of Taiwan Students) program and CSMS (Concepts in Secondary Mathematics and Science) program. This study compared languages, learning motivations, and teaching methods in Taiwan and England using the two programs. Some implications for mathematics education are discussed. (YP)

This study investigated the relationship between mathematical performance and mathematics self-efficacy, attitudes toward mathematics, and the choice of mathematics-related majors by college women and men. Performance and self-efficacy correlate positively with attitudes, masculine sex-role orientation, and a mathematics-related major. (Author/DC)

Approximately half of a group of 12-year-old students were taught fraction and ratio topics by a concrete process-oriented method. The others were taught in the regular way. The concrete, process-oriented approach resulted in significantly improved achievement in, and attitude toward, fractions and ratios. (Author/DC)

Secondary geometry students were tested for van Hiele level of thinking, geometry knowledge and achievement, and proof-writing achievement. Proof-writing achievement correlated significantly with van Hiele level entering geometry knowledge and geometry achievement. The predictive validity of the van Hiele model was supported. (Author/DC)

This article discusses the problem of the high percentage of low grades in first-year algebra. Suggestions for structured class periods, homework, after-school sessions, and testing are provided. (YP)