Simple matrix sampling planned missing (SMS PD) design, introduce missing data patterns that lead to covariances between variables that are not jointly observed, and create difficulties for analyses other than mean and variance estimations. Based on prior research, we adopted a new multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approach to handle…

In the field of disparities research, there has been growing interest in developing a counterfactual-based decomposition analysis to identify underlying mediating mechanisms that help reduce disparities in populations. Despite rapid development in the area, most prior studies have been limited to regression-based methods, undermining the…

In Goffman's terms, qualitative interviews are social encounters with their own realities. Hence, the 'situational critique' holds that interviews cannot produce knowledge about the world beyond these encounters, and that other methods, ethnography in particular, render lived life more accurately. The situational critique cannot be dismissed; yet…

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are commonly used to evaluate the causal effects of educational interventions, where the entire clusters (e.g., schools) are randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions. This study introduces statistical methods for designing and analyzing two-level (e.g., students nested within schools) and three-level…

How do school leaders make sense of the mess of the regimes of the normal (Warner, 1993) when they themselves are beyond the norm? While we may be beyond the normal, we are also "awash in the flow of the everyday" (Manalansan, 2018, p. 2). Though we may resist and see ourselves as beyond the norm (Weiser et al., 2019), we are never…

This article explores the methodological and ethical challenges of doing qualitative fieldwork in an authoritarian state. Drawing on a long-term project conducted in China, I discuss how my interaction with the participants was mediated by the pervasive state power. This phenomenon adds a new layer to the question "can the subaltern…

Scholars study representative international surveys to understand cross-cultural differences in mentality patterns, which are measured via complex multi-item constructs. Methodologists in this field insist with increasing vigor that detecting "non-invariance" in how a construct's items associate with each other in different national…

Clinical prediction models are widely used in modern clinical practice. Such models are often developed using individual patient data (IPD) from a single study, but often there are IPD available from multiple studies. This allows using meta-analytical methods for developing prediction models, increasing power and precision. Different studies,…

The rising costs of recruiting and hiring workers and the seismic shift of age demographics in the United States workforce has created much stir around the concept of generational cohorts. Although much has been done by researchers and practitioners alike to attempt a better understanding of each generational group's leadership preferences,…

Randomized response techniques (RRTs) are useful survey tools for estimating the prevalence of sensitive issues, such as the prevalence of doping in elite sports. One type of RRT, the unrelated question model (UQM), has become widely used because of its psychological acceptability for study participants and its favorable statistical properties.…

In this essay, we focus on methodological issues that reviewers and editors commonly encounter when evaluating empirical articles in scholarship of teaching and learning in management education. We organize our discussion around three stages--design, analysis, and reporting. The essay identifies which types of issues are likely to receive…

The issue of missing data raises concerns in all statistical and educational research. In this study, we focus on missing data in school-based assessment data generated by progressed high school learners (those who did not meet the promotional requirements for their current grades but were allowed to move to the next grade because of policy…

Using secondary data has many advantages, but there are also many limitations, including the lack of relevant information. This article draws on a previous study that used secondary data to investigate substance use in young, elite athletes. Three types of missing data appeared: missing data, lack of information about the data collection process,…

Preventing panel members from attriting is a fundamental challenge for panel surveys. Research has shown that response behavior in earlier waves (response or nonresponse) is a good predictor of panelists' response behavior in upcoming waves. However, response behavior can be described in greater detail by considering the time until the response is…

Small sample sizes contribute to several problems in research and knowledge advancement. This conceptual replication study confirmed and extended the inflation of type II errors and confidence intervals in correlation analyses of small sample sizes common in kinesiology/exercise science. Current population data (N = 18, 230, & 464) on four…