Criticizes the overwhelming emphasis placed on printed material in school learning. Shows how a variety of physical and visual stimuli can provide as much or more information than written statements. Includes examples based on two historical photographs and a modern plastic food container. (GEA)

A review of research on student cognitive processes considers students' perceptions and expectations, students' perceptions of teachers' actions, attention, motivation, factual learning and memory, comprehension and knowledge acquisition, and learning strategies and metacognitive processes and suggests implications for teacher education in each of…

Compared a traditional whole class format to the impact of two cooperative learning techniques, Student Teams-Achievement Divisions and Teams-Games-Tournaments, on classroom climate among students. Supports the conclusion that choice of classroom structure can bias classroom climate in favor of or against different ethnic groups. (Author/ABB)

Reviews relevant research in reading comprehension strategies and cooperative learning methods. Describes reading strategy groups as an approach for content area instruction, along with practical suggestions for implementation. (JD)

The literature on metacognition and students having learning problems is reviewed. Investigations of metacognitive instruction to enhance memory skills, to increase text comprehension, and to improve written expression and math performance are reported. The roles of the teacher and learner in acquiring and controlling the targeted cognitive…

Describes the development of an artificial intelligence system called GIDE that analyzes student errors in statistics problems by inferring the students' intentions. Learning strategies involved in problem solving are discussed and the inclusion of goal structures is explained. (LRW)

This study explored the measurement and analysis of learning style characteristics of four groups of student teachers in order to examine the relationship between learning styles of teachers and their selection of and performance in teaching areas. Results and implications for teacher education are discussed. (MT)

Discusses the use of the Study Skills Questionnaire to help college freshmen increase their knowledge of their own study strategies, including the ability to think on different levels, their task completion strategies, and the use of study aids. Suggests college faculty use results of the questionnaire to adjust teaching methods to student needs.…

Illustrates the use of narratology to help foreign language students see the interplay between form and content in their target language literature. (CB)

Examines the differences between concrete and abstract concepts and their implications for instructional design and teaching. How specific concepts are stored in and retrieved from memory is described, analogies are discussed as an instructional tool in abstract concept learning, and a possible instructional strategy for teaching abstract concepts…

Study strategies used to assist mildly handicapped students become more actively engaged and successful in gaining and responding to information in content area classes are described. They include using advance organizers, summarizing/paraphrasing what is read, enhancing listening skills, and improving the organization, appearance, and accuracy of…

Test-taking skills should be part of learning-disabled students' instruction. Student performance on previous tests should be analyzed to determine lack of information, carelessness, misinterpretation, material not studied, or incorrect reading. Notetaking techniques, language problems, and special problems presented by essay tests and math tests…

Suggests that using Bloom's taxonomy of the six levels of cognitive operations--knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation--can help instructors formulate challenging questions which guide students' critical thinking skills. (MM)

Presents a transcript exemplifying principles used with beginning readers who may be unable to learn to read from traditional reading instruction. Claims strategies which allow children to communicate through written language enable them to make important discoveries about reading without knowledge of phonics or other metalinguistic skills. (NH)

Although tracking may benefit high ability students, it has an adverse effect on poor and minority students who tend to be placed in groups with less access to knowledge. Alternatives to ability grouping are offered that promote high quality learning for all students. (MT)