Only 26.4% of the 100 millon people living in Pakistan are literate. There are sharp differences between urban and rural literacy rates, literacy rates in the four provinces of Pakistan, and the literacy rates for men and women (with females constituting the largest group of illiterates in the country). Politically there has been a great deal of…

Pakistan, like the rest of the world, is confronted with urbanization, industrialization, the information explosion and all the complexities that characterize the atomic age; however, the majority of Pakistanis have yet to acquire basic reading, writing and arithmetic skills which are essential to meet the simplest demands of modern living. An…

Intended as a resource for kindergarten teachers, administrators, parents, and those who develop curriculum, this handbook is designed to assist local school districts in planning and administering kindergarten programs. Consisting of three distinct sections, each with its separate cover, the handbook provides: (1) a guide to curriculum…

Intended for use in conjunction with the guidebook, "Early Childhood Education in South Carolina," this book of experiential activities aims to help kindergarten teachers plan an appropriate program for their children. Each activity described realizes one of the 18 objectives for kindergarten that were adopted by the South Carolina State…

Characteristics and practices of effective schools have been identified and it is important to determine whether these practices work with at-risk youth. Effective schools research may yield useful knowledge in educating at-risk youth or research could warn that the effective schools movement could threaten the education of at-risk youth if not…

Children's natural curiosity should be more adequately satisfied, resarch has suggested--especially in grades 4 to 6. Traditionally, the scope and sequence approach which is a learning-what-others think or have thought rather than a learning-to-think-for-oneself method begins during the middle school years. It is interesting to observe that…

The purpose of this unit of study is to familiarize kindergarten children with the use of symbols to represent actual places or objects. The unit is primarily intended for kindergarten children, but can be modified for use with first grade students. Implementation of the unit should require between 10 and 12 class days. Provided are an outline of…

Efforts are currently underway to adjust the focus of industrial arts instruction to concentrate more on the study and understanding of technology and its role in our lives. For many years industrial arts programs have been industry-based; however, many professionals support a curriculum that will relate industrial arts instruction more closely to…

The booklet describes the Vulpe' Performance Analysis System (VPAS), a measure of a child's progress in developmental activities which provides a link to instructional programming. In the assessment stage the child's performance is scored according to how much and what type of assistance is required to perform the task. The scale ranges from no…

This ERIC Digest reports on the findings of a 1984 Wingspread Conference on Strengthening High School World Studies Courses. The digest considers key challenges that the course poses for educators, the goals of the conference, long-term efforts that have been initiated, activities recommended by conference participants that would provide practical…

This curriculum guide is a resource book for designing a comprehensive health education curriculum for grades K-12. After an overview on the philosophy and goals of health education in the schools and a preview of the ten major content areas, the following topics are covered: (1) accident prevention and safety; (2) community health; (3) consumer…

To broaden the knowledge base of factors related to rapid subsequent births among teenage mothers, subsequently pregnant mothers (N=5), one-time mothers (N=5), and non-pregnant teenagers (N=10), between the ages of 14 and 22, were compared on use of contraceptives, educational goals, and family relationships. All subjects completed a personal…

A common theme in the current spate of reports advocating reform of American schools has been the need for attaining the twin goals of "equity" and "excellence." Yet there is widespread disagreement, not only on the relationship of quality and equality, but on the acceptable meanings of these terms as well. James Coleman, (1969) in "The Concept of…

The basic evaluation model for faculty is one in which quantitative information about the means of teaching, research, and service are tied to salary increases. However, faculty evaluation in this context is usually trapped conceptually between questions of fairness and questions of evaluation. Means and ends are distorted. On the other hand, if…

The educational system of the United States reflects U.S. respect for both diversity and equality. Differences in students' aspirations are accommodated by offering both precollegiate and vocational education. Three essential major purposes of education are the civic, the personal, and the utilitarian. Where the civic and personal ends of…