Interventions that mobilize the parents to coach and reinforce their children's social skills have been shown to improve children's social functioning and decrease inappropriate social behaviors in the home and at school. However, few studies have examined whether these treatment outcomes can be successfully transferred from the research to the…

A meta-analysis of 166 HIV-prevention interventions tested theoretical predictions about the effects of experts, lay community members, and similar and dissimilar others, as agents of change. In general, expert interventionists produced greater behavior change than lay community members, and the demographic and behavioral similarity between the…

Purpose--The purpose of this paper is to explore the efficacy of a community-based outreach initiative, piloted in Worcester, Massachusetts, to reduce children's exposure to toxic chemicals in common household products by changing parental behavior regarding product purchase and use. Design/methodology/approach--The program model was based on the…

The Good Way model was originally developed for working with youth with intellectual difficulties who have sexually abused and is also now being used with adults with intellectual disabilities and non-disabled adolescents. The model is practical and has been developed to address the need for a common, coherent narrative with which clients and…

Participation in a health promotion program for 192 overweight and obese adults with mental retardation was associated with behavior change resulting in reduction of body mass index--BMI (weight in kg, divided by height in meters, squared) by the end of the program. We analyzed the mediating and intermediate factors contributing to weight…

Although many psychopharmacologic treatments and behavioral or cognitive behavioral interventions have been established as evidence-based practices, they have seldom been directly compared to one another as to outcome in children with emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD). In this paper, we present findings from 6 recent randomized clinical…

This research is a follow up to a similar study published by the Center for Rural Pennsylvania in 2003 in which researchers examined alternative education policies and practices among Pennsylvania school districts. The current study extended the previous research to include information on the perceptions of administrators and teachers on the…

This study examined the effectiveness of self-evaluation, self-observation, and self-observation plus self-recording in reducing disruptive classroom behaviors. The initial study was conducted with seven primary level students divided into the three treatment conditions, and a replication study was conducted with eight intermediate level students…

A program was developed to improve the toileting skills of four prekindergarten students (ages 3-5) with developmental delays. A daily toileting chart was employed over a 12-week period. During toileting attempts, each child was encouraged to pull down and pull up pants by using verbal prompts. Success at this activity resulted in placement of a…

This paper explores whether taking a course in health has an effect on college students' lives. Gettysburg College (Pennsylvania) redesigned a health class and taught it to all incoming freshmen during their first semester. Student journal entries, written at the end of each class, provided feedback to instructors; instructors read and responded…

Three pieces make up this publication. The first, titled "Absent without Leave: Solitude and the Scheme of Schooling" (Craig B. Howley), argues that education requires both a measure of solitude for students to form opinions and a healthy respect for the privacy of students' minds from educators. The second essay, "A World Came to…

Increased constraints on access to alcohol resulted from the closure of the sole hotels in two "experimental" towns. This afforded a natural experiment to study the effects of the change in availability of alcohol on consumption. Dependent measures were derived from public records of liquor sales by all licensed premises, and from…

This handbook, which is designed for people experienced in facilitating workshops, contains materials for/about planning and conducting popular education workshops on challenging racism. Presented first are guidelines for using the handbook, a rationale for the proposed approach to unlearning racism, and guidelines for guarding against abuse…

This paper reviews various discipline models and applies them to obtaining cooperation and compliance with medical treatment of children with chronic and acute medical conditions, especially End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The definition of Other Health Impairments in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is cited and related to the…

Reduced alcohol availability following the closure of the sole hotels in two rural towns afforded a naturalistic experiment to study the effects of alcohol availability and context for drinking on consumption. Measures of consumption derived from interviews, total dollars of liquor sales, and police drink-driving data were compared across two…