Reviews the attribution literature on sex differences in academic achievement, especially in mathematics. Suggests that: (1) there are small sex differences in the importance attached to effort and ability as causes of mathematics success and failure; and (2) attributions are not as significant as other possible causes in mediating course…

Experiments with fifth grade, tenth grade, and college students showed that, while students believe that teachers and they themselves appreciate effort more than ability, they actually would rather be perceived as having ability than as exerting effort. Fifth graders reacted more favorably to effort exertion than did the older groups. (Author/GC)

It was found that mentally retarded individuals awaiting placement were younger, more intellectually and physically handicapped, and less skilled than persons already in group homes. Persons in jeapardy of placement failure had higher IQs, fewer mobility problems, and greater independence skills than other group home residents. (Author/SEW)

Reported are the results of a representative random sample of French-speaking adolescents from legally intact homes, separated or divorced homes, and homes in which a parent is deceased. Adolescents from both types of broken families were less optimistic about their future success, than were adolescents from intact families. (Author/PN)

The study investigated whether or not differences or changes took place in ecological patterns during the time 10 emotionally disturbed elementary and junior high school age students had been in treatment in a residential program. (SB)

A successful teacher who has lasting effects is one who embeds specific learning in the child's character and who integrates and stabilizes that learning into the child's interests, values, attitudes, and self-concept in such a way that it becomes part of the child's personality. (Author/MLF)

Considered selected attitudinal and value characteristics of high and low successful consultants. Consultants (N=12) and consultees (N=15) completed six measures. Results indicated that more successful consultants have consultees who are more authoritarian and dogmatic, and are dissimilar to consultees in level of dogmatism and reported need for…

Two experiments investigated learners' procedures in acquiring knowledge from maps. The better learners used successful techniques for encoding spatial information, evaluating their progress, focusing attention on unlearned information, and partitioning the map by spatial region or concept. Visual memory ability was also important. (Author/GDC)

Many features of our secondary schools are static, self-destructive, and depersonalizing. Rather than organizing the middle school along secondary school lines, using the elementary school model, with some obvious modifications, provides a more humanistic approach. (Author/SJL)

In her introduction to this theme issue on women and leadership, the author reviews evidence on the background characteristics and advancement patterns of women leaders. Childhood sports participation, parental support, role models, mentors, education, and the development of security and self-confidence are considered as requisites to leadership…

This follow-up study of 275 university freshmen confirmed that the final secondary examination, the Higher School Certificate, is a moderately good predictor of university success. Of the other variables studied (satisfaction with university and various personality measures) only a study habits score contributed further to the prediction of…

One of the developers of Cabrillo Unified School District's Basic Proficiency Monitoring System outlines basic principles for designing and implementing such a system: believe in the process, concentrate on the fundamentals, keep it simple and inexpensive, and always follow up. (SJL)

Following a mathematics test, 134 sixth-graders from different social class/national origin groups, were asked to attribute causality for their success or failure. All groups tended to attribute success more to internal than external causes and more to stable than unstable causes. Attributions of failure varied between the groups. (Author/SJL)

The report shows that membership and corporate support have risen substantially, the Information Clearinghouse has expanded services, board-mentor visits have risen, publications have sold well and new publications have been added, and the budget will be balanced. (MSE)

A survey of 30 National Catholic Educational Association Schools examined their ability to make needed program changes according to Davis' eight factors: Awareness of Need, Resistances, Values, Information, Ability, Timing, Circumstances, and Yield. This article compares a vital, growing school and a declining one on these eight factors.…