The text of Volume 4 represents an international review of research in mental retardation dealing primarily with human and animal laboratory behavior. The contents range through the following topics: memory processes in retardates and normals by Norman Ellis; a theory of primary and secondary familial mental retardation by Arthur Jensen;…

Development of this 6-part inservice program making major use of programed instruction began in 1969 with the objective of modifying classroom teacher behavior in the direction of individualizing the instruction of students learning to control standard English. A review of literature on dialects gave some guidance toward determining the…

This paper seeks to answer some of the questions asked by teachers and principals when a proposal for a token reinforcement system is introduced at a public school. The question of cost should not be a deterrent, since a well-planned token system puts little financial strain on a school, and the transition from tokens to social reinforcers can…

A rationale for language intervention is outlined according to two basic dimensions (increased output and knowledge of language) and their respective strategies (operant procedures and a psycholinguistic model). Thus, behavior modification and transformational grammar are viewed as complementary for an efficient language intervention program. The…

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a method for assessing change in communicative behavior--i.e., any observable behavior change manifested by students during a communicative situation in the classroom. Using a testing instrument specifically designed to measure these changes, 16 trained raters, four untrained raters, and six…

Selected papers on behavioral disorders include the following: aggression as an indicator for rehabilitative efforts by Herbert Grossman; the evaluation of differential low rate conditioning procedures on destructive behavior by Christine Walken; a modification for non-directive therapy by Robert V. Turner; Piaget, Skinner and a comprehensive…

This paper describes the conceptual framework of a research methodology developed by the Region II Rehabilitation Research Institute, designed to permit the study of an important set of problems confronting sheltered workshops. The main problem is centered in the issues of work as work and of work as mode of behavior change. It has become apparent…

What needs to be done with preschool programs is to define specifically their desired product (the behaviors we want in the children) and to determine the optimal process by which this product can be brought about. Using an instrument called the Observation of Substantive Curricular Input in 1967-68, a coding system based on a series of 3-minute…

This paper presents a discussion of encounter groups, their place in psychology today, their limitations and values. The purpose of encounter groups is always one of facilitating the growth of the person, and of teaching individuals how to communicate more effectively with each other. Encounter groups are particularly appropriate for the person…

This teachers guide in behavior modification is divided into five chapters. Chapter one, "Describing Behavior," presents methods for specifying behaviors in precise wording, labeling behavior, and deciding on the target behavior (behavior designated for modification). Chapter two, "Measuring Behavior," describes and illustrates by means of graphs…

One hundred and forty-eight student teachers from Israel Institute of Technology were subjects of an experiment investigating effectiveness of microteaching alone as compared with a category observation system as a training method, and interaction between the two when combined. Thirty-two subjects were assigned at random to each of the four cells…

Examined was the ability of parents of 12 deviant and 12 nondeviant boys, age 4-8 years, to bias home observation data by influencing their child's behavior in socially desirable and undesirable directions. The parents were given the response set to present their child as "good", "bad", and usual (normal) during six 45-minute observations of…

This article presents a description of the authors' experiences in a university counseling center with therapy groups for individuals who had undergone male-female partnership failure. The impact separation and divorce have on individuals, resulting adjustment stages, and corresponding group goals are highlighted. Common concerns and feelings…

Interaction analysis, a system for observing and coding the verbal interchange between a teacher and his pupils, is used to study spontaneous teaching behavior and to help teachers modify their behavior. Trained observers classify teacher statements according to; a) acceptance of student feelings; b) use of praise and encouragement; c) acceptance…

This paper presents an inservice education model for the feedback of information concerning a teacher's spontaneous classroom behavior. A trained observer classifies the teacher's statements using a matrix of ten categories. From a tabulation of matrix entries it is possible to make inferences concerning the teacher's attitudes and behavior with…