The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the causal connectivity of the statements ("low-medium-high"), elaboration question condition ("focused on the identification of main ideas-focused on the identification of speakers' emotions") and the modality of presentation of discourse ("oral-written") in the…

In their work with young learners, the authors found that "We Are Water Protectors," written by Carole Lindstrom, of the Anishinabe/ Métis and Turtle Mountain Band of Ojibwe Indians, and illustrated by Michaela Goade, of Tlingit descent, was a powerful entry point for recognizing the ways in which Indigenous communities continue to…

Psychoemotional well-being factors have been recognized to have a significant impact on students' reading literacy. However, identifying which key psychoemotional well-being factors most significantly influence students' reading performance is still not fully explored. This research examines the psychoemotional well-being factors that distinguish…

Critical consciousness (CC) is the ability to understand, critique, and act against oppressive social structures and systemic forces. To assist educators in understanding and enacting strategies that foster CC, the authors identified examples of CC in third through fifth grade virtual classes of a 2020 "Children's Defense Fund's" Freedom…

The demands of learning in the twenty-first century require being skilled in the use and comprehension of multiple documents. Some individual factors such as the metacognitive skill of theory of mind (ToM) are related to this ability. This study investigated the relationship between university students' ability to comprehend multiple documents,…

The introduction of modal verbs in English textbooks across levels in China was surveyed and compared with Chinese learners' use in writing to explore the potential impact of textbook introduction on learners' real use. The results have revealed: (1) divergences between the sequence of modal verb presentation in textbooks and their frequency order…

According to a 2017 article by Peters and colleagues, millions of students have already demonstrated they know the material slated to be taught that year. Consequently, grade-level standards are unlikely to be appropriately challenging for these students. In this paper, we conceptually replicated and extended this prior study. Using data from…

The efficiency of cognitive component skills is typically assessed with speeded performance tests. Interpreting only effective ability or effective speed as efficiency may be challenging because of the within-person dependency between both variables (speed-ability tradeoff, SAT). The present study measures efficiency as effective ability…

This dissertation investigates the utilization of authentic reading materials in ESL textbooks and the role that textbook-based tasks serve in enabling ESL classrooms to mirror the target environment. Three original studies are conducted, and two models are designed and applied in order to address the research questions, which aim to establish a…

This study explored the manner in which poor planning skill impairs reading comprehension of students with ADHD. Ninety-six adolescents with and without ADHD completed a planning task (Tower of London) and answered open-ended questions following the reading of two expository texts under two reading goals - study and entertainment, while their…

Children and young people with learning disabilities may not acquire the independent reading and writing skills which are conflated with 'literacy' in international educational policy, calling into question what 'literacy' means in the context of 'special education'. Existing literature explores teacher perspectives, but less is known about parent…

In isolated English word reading, readers have the optimal performance when their initial eye fixation is directed to the area between the beginning and word center, that is, the optimal viewing position (OVP). Thus, how well readers voluntarily direct eye gaze to this OVP during isolated word reading may be associated with reading performance.…

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess students' responses to a potentially triggering passage from literature using differing trigger warnings. Participants and Method: 123 undergraduates read a passage which contained depictions of physical and sexual assault. Students were randomly assigned to differing trigger warning conditions prior…

The use of linguistic features in school assessments, as well as the impact of these factors on the outcome of assessments have received limited attention in the literature. With this study I aimed to analyse linguistic features of accounting examinations. A quantitative technique, using tests for correlation, was employed to analyse the Grade 12…

This research was carried out to examine the serial mediation role of mathematics self-efficacy and metacognition for problem-solving in the effect of reading comprehension on problem-solving. The relational research model, one of the quantitative research designs, was used in the study. A total of 699 middle school students studying in official…