Used two spatial and language tasks to investigate that clockwise directionality in circle drawing indicates neutral integration difficulties. Tasks were administered to 106 children, eight years of age. Data were analyzed for sex differences and circling behavior. None of the hypotheses based on Blau's theory was supported. (Author)

Compared MMPIs of 80 male and 80 female drug abusers with MMPIs of 550 male and 695 female medical patients. Male drug abusers obtained significantly higher scores than male medical patients on all clinical scales. Female drug abusers obtained significantly higher scores than female medical patients on seven scales. (Author)

Presents a proposed unifying relationship between instructional methods and cognitive operations, and argues that it is the location of the processing of the learning task that defines the function, type, and extent of the instructional method required. More than 50 references are listed. (MER)

Investigated how urban elderly spend their days. Obtained detailed time budgets for one full day from 535 persons with differing levels of independence in contrasting environmental settings. Consistent patterns appeared across groups, particularly in the amount of time spent in the various social contexts and in most discretionary activities.…

Study conducted to determine whether Black English speakers are likely to encounter problems in reading standard English. Results indicate no relationship between the use of Black English and subjects' grade level or reading performance. (Author/JLF)

Presented are two activities for helping students to form positive peer relationships of respect and cooperation. In one, students role-play a meeting of people from different cultures, who have different interpersonal styles. In the other, children chart their good and bad days and learn to share these feelings. (SJL)

Preferences of Melbourne, Australia, students for twentieth-century paintings were examined. The identified dimensions of preference (represention, color, complexity) were similar to those found in previous studies. Age and sex differences were found only for color and complexity. Preference for representational, over nonrepresentational,…

The individual and contextual effects of schools on the educational aspirations of a national sample of older adolescents is explored. When the factors of student ethnicity, family background, and academic achievement were held constant, a measure of classroom morale was positively associated with educational aspiration. (Authors/JN)

Analysis of the use made by 93 British primary school teachers of the word 'commitment' revealed that they were using it in four different senses--as caring, a concern for occupational competence, personal identification as teacher, and career-continuance. All suggest different motives for entering and remaining in teaching. (Author)

Unlike traditional students, most nontraditional students lack a history of active contact with institutions of higher education. Recruiting programs directed at the non-traditional student need to be highly individualized. A marketing survey approach can be used to custom-design special course offerings. (Author)

Individualized instruction is defined and the distinctive elements common to the various modes of individualized instruction are presented. (CS)

The author argues that many children labeled as learning disabled are merely exhibiting the range of individual differences statistically expected for various school related abilities. She encourages the individualization of instruction in the regular class to allow individual rates of progress and to avoid the learning disability label. (DB)

Argues that a well-articulated theory of instruction provides a guide for the evaluation of computer-assisted instructional systems by helping to define the criteria. Individual differences, responsive environment, criterion-referenced education, and cognitive psychology are discussed in reference to adaptive education. Thirteen references are…

Two experiments were conducted in order to determine whether there are differences between well and malnourished infants in the extent to which they prefer novel stimuli. (MP)

Reports three studies concerning individual differences in children's use of consonants during early phonological development. The findings indicate that these differences fall within a predictable range, that the linguistic environment cannot account for several of them, and that they are partly due to variations in the choice of lexical items.…