The differing conclusions of researchers investigating personality factors in drug users are briefly reviewed. This study, particularly, examines the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) profiles of self-reported college drug users with the intent of understanding their personalities. The specific research question was: what are the…

The purpose of this paper is to outline some application of the Markov Process to the study of state and state changes. The essence of this mathematical concept consists of the analysis of sequences of infant responses in interaction with its environment. Categories can be defined which reflect the joint occurrence of an infant's behavior (or…

The specific purpose of the research discussed was to develop an instrument which would permit assessment of individual and developmental differences in the acquisition of abilities to understand and utilize emotional and psychological facets of interpersonal behavior. Emotional insight was assessed in 81 male and female children between the ages…

There are substantial differences in the interests of men and women, reflected by their answers to vocational interest inventories. These differences are not trivial; they persist even in samples of men and women selected for occupational equivalence. The content of the sex differences is diverse. Lumping these differences together into one…

A picture story about the preparation of a child for school is presented. Topics included are: the early years, the changing process, individual differences, preparing for learning, preparation for reading, learning with others, self-reliance, self-care, sharing, preparation for the future, reading readiness, and creativity. (CK)

The present study attempted to identify and describe individual differences in concept learning. It was hypothesized that if a significant portion of the reliable individual variation in a complex learning situation could be identified and described, it would be reasonable to expect that subsequent predictions could be made about the conditions…

Studies of beginning reading sponsored by the U.S. Office of Education indicate that teachers, not methods, account for the major differences in the results of instruction and that reading instruction can be improved via combinations of methods. Consequently, teachers should be free to select materials and methods most appropriate for children for…

The report provides an overview of the nature of the open classroom in terms of implications for special education, describes an ongoing research project on the open classroom, and presents data on one phase of the project. Considered in the overview of the open classroom are the teacher role in the learning process, the role of individual…

The purpose of this project was to develop new information and analyses that would contribute to development of a systematic understanding of cognitive structure, including its acquisition and utilization during problem solving. Experimental and theoretical work was done on three specific problems. (1) Studies of individual differences and effects…

Processing requirements in letter discrimination for beginning readers with reflective-impulsive and field-dependent--field-independent learning styles were investigated. Results were interpreted in terms of feature analyses employed in letter identification and discrimination. (BJG)

It was hypothesized that first borns would prefer person- and intellectually-oriented occupations. It was also predicted that women, more than men, would prefer person-oriented occupations. The Hebrew version of Roe's classification of occupations was completed by 146 individuals. Only the second hypothesis was confirmed. (Author/SE)

This study was designed to investigate the differential effectiveness of Holland's Self Directed Search (SDS) as a vocational guidance tool for 166 junior-class students in a suburban regional high school. Congruence scores were developed for each student and were then compared to four variables. Results are discussed. (Author/EJT)

Kirby and Das (EJ 182 444) dichotomized measures of individual differences and treated them as independent variables in an analysis of variance. Correlational analysis would have provided more powerful tests of their hypotheses. Interpretation of the dichotomized variables as independent, causal antecedents of their measures of intelligence would…

In-service activities should give more attention to how teachers learn and how teachers' learning styles are related to their teaching styles. (JD)