Suggests that early in their education students be taught to use basic statistical tests as rigorous methods of comparing experimental results with scientific hypotheses. Stresses that students learn how to use statistical tests in hypothesis-testing by applying them in actual hypothesis-testing situations. To illustrate, uses questions such as…

Two possible standard error formulas for the polytomous differential item functioning index proposed by N. J. Dorans and A. P. Schmitt (1991) were derived. These standard errors, and associated hypothesis-testing procedures, were evaluated through simulated data. The standard error that performed better is based on N. Mantel's (1963)…

How log-linear models for multiwave longitudinal data can be used to test hypotheses relating to stagelike relationships between variables is demonstrated using data from research on adolescent cigarette and marijuana experimentation. Results with 2,658 adolescents show that the multiwave analyses allow the testing of several hypotheses. (SLD)

Developed and investigated a goodness-of-fit statistic that considers the uncertainty with which ability is estimated and a resampling-based hypothesis testing procedure. Simulation study results indicate that the procedure should be useful for evaluating goodness-of-fit item response theory models for most testing applications when uncertainty in…

Proposes a conceptual framework for analyzing students' knowledge of programming. The idea is to integrate three types of programming knowledge from educational computing literature with three forms of knowledge from cognitive psychology literature. A study is described that determined types of knowledge required to answer exam questions, and…

Describes a study that investigated the effectiveness of prototypes of interactive learning environments used for independent learning in the Open University of the Netherlands and the University of Ghent (Belgium). The prototypes differ in the extent that they support interactivity in embedded support devices (ESDs) and the degree of…

The major focus of this monograph is on statistical tools that aim to facilitate the description and explanation of social phenomena. The basics of data gathering are presented, and a number of major topics in data analysis are reviewed. A major contribution is the treatment of methodological issues. (SLD)

Describes a study of undergraduates that tested four hypotheses regarding the effects of viewing Web sites on Internet advertising. Highlights include attitudes toward ads in marketing communications and advertising research; recalling brand names seen on the Internet; perceived advantages and disadvantages of online advertising; and recalling ads…

Investigates Korean and U.S. college students' scientific reasoning skills involving hypothesis-testing skills and tests the hypothesis that hypothesis-testing skills are more advanced than other scientific reasoning skills. The study involves (n=774) Korean and (n=568) U.S. students and uses the Test of Scientific Reasoning (TSR). (Contains 24…

Discusses the complement and predicate (or adjunct) short clauses (SCs) in active transitive verb structures. Published Spanish literature is reviewed and evaluated, Spanish SC surface structure (SS) is described, an argument is presented against SS restructuring in Spanish, and analyses of several hypotheses are provided. (GLR)

The nonparametric hypothesis-testing model of M. L. Puri and P. K. Sen (1969, 1985) circumvents concerns regarding the inapplicability of nonparametric statistics outside simple cases and the lack of pertinent computer programs. The breadth and flexibility of the model are illustrated with several examples. (TJH)

Tested hypothesis that spouses' shared leisure time is form of pleasurable interaction that strengthens attachment between them and helps prevent marital dissolution. Empirical tests supported attachment hypothesis and suggest that, because couples with children have less shared leisure time, children can contribute to marital dissolution as well…

A model is proposed for empirically testing the appropriateness of using tetrachoric correlations for a set of dichotomous variables. A testing method is proposed that uses information from trivariate marginal tables. Assumptions are tested with real and simulated data. (SLD)

Empirically reviewed Israeli probation officer's recommendation in his investigation report concerning offenders between the ages of 18 and 21, studying factors influencing officer's recommending probation versus refraining from probation recommendation. Tested four models: diagnostic-rehabilitation, prognostic-public defense, organizational, and…

A method of creating linear statistical models that incorporate assumptions implied by hypotheses is described and demonstrated by testing analysis of covariance type hypotheses in the presence of non-parallel regression lines. (SLD)