Program budgeting systems should be viewed as a comprehensive approach to decision making. They are tools intended to guide the manager through all the essential steps in the planning and resource allocation processes. (Author)

A method for estimating the total direct social costs for proposed wilderness areas is presented. A cost framework is constructed and equations are developed for cost components. To illustrate the study's method, social costs are estimated for a proposed wilderness area in New England. (Author/JN)

The major issue of educational quality is linked to the potential of national and state assessment programs. It is suggested that changes in assessment design, analysis, and reporting can significantly contribute to improvement in the policy development process. The California Assessment Program illustrates how state assessment information may be…

Considers the utility of the due process clause as a basis for challenging policies of educational finance that result in variations in per pupil revenues. (WD)

The survival of the alumni magazine in its traditional format and the ability to find money to continue publishing during inflationary times are discussed. The "voluntary subscription," direct mail campaign, and the use of advertising are described. (MLW)

A statement, three commentaries, and a panel discussion address the legal implications of results of the Bakke case concerning racial preference in college admission. Implications in areas other than education are examined. Available from Wash. Univ. School of Law, St. Louis, MO 63130. (MSE)

A model is described that allows for assessment of alternative funding formulas for postsecondary education systems. Emphasis is on the extent to which marginal funding proposals can offer a viable alternative to traditional linear enrollment driven formulas. The model operates at a statewide level but may be useful at other levels. (MSE)

Presents a study of utilization of student employees at Bowling Green State University Library and the development of an allocation formula to provide proportional funding to tasks prioritized by relative operational importance. The study further produced an objective basis for reallocating resources from less essential to more essential tasks.…

The tailoring of grants-in-aid to wage levels in the localities which receive them enjoys growing popularity among federal policymakers; two ongoing programs illustrate the flexibility of this technique. The article describes the procedures currently used to index the CETA and Medicare programs and their data source, the ES-202 system. (CT)

The traditional responsibility of land grant schools to serve the society of which they are a part can provide a model for improving the programs of schools of education. (JD)

Many problems are encountered when evaluating a complex, decentralized national program such as 4-H. Good effects of the federal evaluation mandate include local concern with program quality. Bad effects include that local agencies are forced to utilize noxious methodologies or to collect information they consider to be unimportant. (Author/GC)

Considers the elements of organizational effectiveness, the relationships between ends and means, and the nature of inputs necessary to the organization's survival. Presents hypotheses for industrial, educational, and military organizational planning processes and training technology, and suggests changing planning focus from inputs to outcomes.…

Cultivating resources for effective community coverage may take years. School newspaper staffs with the patience to plan and the eagerness to experiment are proving that the effort is valuable. (Author/RL)

Qualifies the use of game simulations to test communication-related theories, explicates a mixed-motive game experiment (Creative Alternative) which permits systematic investigation of interpersonal influence processes, and discusses the use of the Creative Alternative game to study the effects of alternative compliance-gaining strategies.…

The design and findings of a communication audit conducted in the division of university relations at the State University of New York at Buffalo are discussed. (Author/SF)