Four experiments examine young children's verbal preferences and actual use of different attentional strategies for sustaining delay of gratification. Subjects were 272 preschool and 48 elementary school boys and girls. (MP)

Compared the performance of learning disabled and normal-achieving third- and fourth-grade children on Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test to determine group differences along the impulsivity-reflection dimension. Overall results suggest that learning disabled children are not more impulsive but rather use poor strategic behavior in processing…

Two experiments examine the effects of positive (happy), neutral, and negative (sad) affective states on children's mastery of a learning problem. Subjects were 96 four-year-old children. (MP)

Students with an internal locus of control functioned well under a variety of conditions while students needing extrinsic reinforcement functioned well only when feedback was provided by the experimenter. (MM)

Students (N=35) in a graduate rehabilitation counseling curriculum who opted to take a program in altered awareness and subjective states of experience described themselves initially as more tentative, impulsive, and imaginative on the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire than another group of students (N=35) who elected not to participate.…

In order to determine the relative effectiveness of verbal self-instructions and training to delay before responding in modifying an impulsive cognitive style, 15 impulsive emotionally disturbed boys were assigned to one of three groups. (Author)

Presents a specific combination of exposure therapy and self-control for treating children's anxieties. The post-Gulf War intervention with 10 Israeli children (9 to 11 years old) comprised a family intake and three group sessions for children and parents. Results indicate a rapid, positive response to the intervention. (RJM)

Examined relations of effortful control and ego control to children's resiliency, social status, and social competence concurrently (Time 3) and over time. Found that at Time 3, resiliency mediated the unique relations of effortful and reactive control to social status, and effortful control directly predicted socially appropriate behavior.…

Discusses six traditional instructional assumptions and practices that impede the creation of a caring classroom environment: blaming the students, keeping control of the classroom, missing the systemic factors, ignoring problems with the curriculum, settling for self-discipline, and manipulating with "positive reinforcement." (Contains…

Adults who work in positions of authority with young people must be prepared for the possibility of conflict, which could lead to aggressive behavior. Incorrect handling of a crisis will produce a conflict cycle, the four stages of which are described. Legal issues surrounding physical intervention (in the United Kingdom) are summarized, and…

Describes the normal course of the development of self-control in young children, and Montessori techniques for teaching self-control, especially for children with disabilities, including structure, imitation, direct teaching, work, independence, and specific correction. Presents effective discipline techniques in harmony with Montessori…

A study of three individuals with self-injurious behavior (SIB) evaluated a device designed for restraint fading with individuals who display hand-to-head SIB. Results demonstrated that stimulus control of SIB occurred in all individuals subsequent to restraint fading. The study also examined the effects of the rigid arm sleeves and restraint…

Confirmatory factor analyses were used to study whether the structure of Weinberger Adjustment Inventory subscales would be comparable across clinical patient and nonclinical samples of youth, young adults, and adults (six samples, 1,486 subjects). Results suggest little need to use different measures of general adjustment when studying children…

This article discusses how students with high-incidence disabilities can benefit from using bibliotherapy by learning to become proactive problem solvers. A sample lesson plan is presented based on a teaching framework for bibliotherapy and problem solving that contains the elements of prereading, guided reading, post-reading discussion, and a…

This article discusses procedures that have been developed to empower students with disabilities to take responsibility for graphing data reflecting their own academic performance. It discusses training methods for teaching students self-graphing and the benefits of self-monitoring. Examples are provided of different types of computer graphs.…