Hemispheric laterality may be a useful concept in teaching, learning, training, and in understanding more about human development. To address this issue, a measure of hemispheric laterality was compared to musical and mathematical ability. The Human Information Processing Survey (HIPS) instrument, designed to measure hemispheric laterality, was…

Derived changes in genes associated with primary microcephaly (MCPH) have been suggested to be "currently sweeping to fixation" i.e., increasing in frequency in most populations, with the likely outcome that the derived allele will completely displace the ancestral allele over time. Possible causes for this sweep include effects on human reasoning…

The objective of this exploratory study of teacher beliefs was twofold: first, to determine whether the construct of academic optimism could be defined and measured as an individual teacher characteristic as it has been at the collective school level, and second, to identify sets of teacher beliefs and practices that were good predictors of…

This study explored factors associated with students' experience of spiritual struggles during college. Data indicate that spiritual struggle is associated with experiences in college that challenge and disorient students, affecting psychological well-being negatively but increasing students' acceptance of individuals of different faith…

People often learn actions by watching others. The authors propose and test the hypothesis that perspective taking promotes encoding a hierarchical representation of an actor's goals and subgoals-a key process for observational learning. Observers segmented videos of an object assembly task into coarse and fine action units. They described what…

Virtual learning is a popular teaching modality, and it has been reported in research that there is no significant difference in academic outcome as compared with face-to-face courses. Not all researchers agree with this assertion and some claim it is more difficult to teach math-oriented subjects online. Given that educational psychology theories…

Using a sequential mixed-methods design, this study examined the differences between two native language groups--those with an East Asian language background and those with a Romance language background--in regard to reading subskills as represented in the Michigan English Language Assessment Battery (MELAB) reading test, so as to provide…

The philosophical notions introduced by Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) are helpful for researchers in understanding the nature of knowledge and reality. In the Peircean logical system, the logic of abduction and deduction contribute to our conceptual understanding of a phenomenon, while the logic of induction adds quantitative details to the…

See TM 501 201-2 for related articles. (MLP)

Two nonparametric statistical methods, the inverse normal scores method and the rank order transformation, are compared for use in discriminant function analysis. The methods are compared for both normal and non-normal distributions. When the distributions are normal, the rank and inverse normal scores methods are effective substitutes for the…

IN A PRESENTATION TO THE AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, IT WAS STATED THAT THEORY CONSTRUCTION IS ESSENTIAL TO ALL INQUIRY. THEORY IS CHARACTERIZED AS BEING PRACTICAL AND CONSISTS OF EITHER RELATED GENERALIZATIONS OR RELATED HYPOTHESES WHICH ARE TESTABLE. 4 TYPES OF THEORY ARE CLASSIFIED AS--(1) FORMAL THEORY, (2) EVENT THEORY, (3)…

Five hypotheses are tested concerning the attitude changes occurring in subjects informed of research findings that conflict with their pre-experimental attitudes. Results are discussed. (CK)

The importance of the assumption of normality for testing that a bivariate normal correlation equals zero is examined. Both empirical and theoretical evidence suggest that such tests are robust with respect to violation of the normality assumption. (Author/JKS)

Caution is advised in utilizing the univariate F test as the initial screening device for hypothesis testing in the analysis of repeated measures data. (JMB)