The new superintendent of Montgomery Township (New Jersey) Schools was confronted with multiple crises ranging from labor disputes and a defeated budget to poor staff and community relations. A nurturing, problem-solving ambience was needed. This article discusses theoretical bases for participant involvement in decision making and the methodology…

Collaborative and inclusive schools search for the most education-enhancing environment for each student. The Collaborative Consultation Model and collaborative problem solving are often used to build team structures and solve problems, rather than teachers working in isolation. The model is discussed in detail. (CC)

Total quality management (TQM), a holistic approach to managing complex organizations, replaces top-down management with decentralized "customer-driven" decision making. TQM has been adopted by many schools and school systems nationwide. However, the context of public schooling makes implementation of TQM in education significantly…

To survive the difficult transition to site-based management, principals must look and feel sharp, learn the language of effective teaching and learning, be visible, train teachers in decision making and consensus building, promote a school vision, be truthful, make heroes and heroines of others, have high expectations, evaluate performance, and…

A study of three middle school principals about their instructional leadership activities before and after the establishment of shared decision making revealed an enhancement of leadership. The nature of the middle school teacher's role demands participative leadership and communication and decision making revolved around instructional issues.…

Key community members should always be included in any strategic planning process involving public education. After finding 18 to 24 representatives, the administrator should direct the group to discuss need for educational change, explore what changes might increase school effectiveness, adopt a mission derived from shared educational beliefs and…

Project Read, which began 10 years ago as a collaborative reading strategy, has evolved into the Inquiring School model. This model arose from the realization that critical literacy strategies and structures work equally well in kindergarten, sixth grade, peer coaching, or at faculty meetings. Key elements are improved classroom practice,…

The Teacher Involvement and Participation Scale, version 2 (TIPS 2) helps schools assess eight dimensions of the decision-making process, including goals/vision/mission; facilitating procedures and structures; curriculum/instruction; budgeting; staffing; staff development; operations; and standards. This article explains additional applications…

True faculty empowerment involves decision participation, authority over issues concerning professional life, and opportunities to acquire knowledge necessary to warrant such activity. This paper describes selected experiences of four schools implementing a shared governance model, identifying factors facilitating meaningful involvement and…

Fear frequently underlies confusion about shared decision making. Participative decision makers do agree on three basics: focus on improving school effectiveness by involving teachers and parents; need for school teams or councils charged with decision-making authority over certain issues; and a process to improve overall decision-making quality…

It is difficult to assemble the necessary conditions for school-based management when staff are struggling with basic civility. A New Jersey superintendent proceeded slowly while recognizing that things could go wrong and providing staff with needed conflict-resolution tools. School and district councils helped diffuse acrimony and motivate staff…

Educators commonly compare their restructuring efforts to rebuilding a 747 while in flight. Working smarter means monitoring the efficiency of faculty work from two standpoints: productivity in reaching desired student outcomes and depletion of important resources, including human energy. This article presents a five-stage model of the progress…

To measure teacher involvement in decision-making, the authors developed Teacher Decision-Making Instrument, a 68-item survey with 8 categories. This instrument can be used for follow-up analyses and for comparisons between teacher and administrator responses. The Shared Education Decisions Survey is designed for use by members of school…

In the new culture of shared decision making, strong principals recognize the need to improve the leadership skills of teachers and other staff. Believing that leadership is learned and can be nurtured, they take responsibility for arranging training focused on interpersonal, conceptual, and technical skills. As leaders of leaders, principals must…

Uses the Job Characteristics Model and Job Diagnostic Survey instrument to study the effects of 73 San Diego teachers' motivation and satisfaction on participatory management. Teachers are generally dissatisfied by the absence of feedback, autonomy, and task-related interaction. Participatory management opportunities must be differentiated…