This chapter outlines the instruments approach to studying European governance used in this book. It draws from public administration, political science and public policy literature that (1) evaluates the effects of policy instruments, (2) appreciates the choice of policy instruments and (3) unpacks the process through which policy instrumentation…

This supplement concerns Appendix E of the "What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) Procedures Handbook, Version 4.1." The supplement extends the range of designs and analyses that can generate effect size and standard error estimates for the WWC. This supplement presents several new standard error formulas for cluster-level assignment studies,…

Purpose: Aphasia fluency is multiply determined by underlying impairments in lexical retrieval, grammatical formulation, and speech production. This poses challenges for establishing a reliable and feasible tool to measure fluency in the clinic. We examine the reliability and validity of perceptual ratings and clinical perspectives on the utility…

Assessing students' knowledge and skills has been widely discussed among educators. The present study investigates lecturers' and learners' views on the assessment practices implemented in two higher education institutions. Their perceptions on providing feedback, variety of assessment tasks, use of peer-evaluation, and promotion of learning…

Two of the central issues in comparative judgement (CJ), which are perhaps underexplored compared to questions of the method's reliability and technical quality, are "what processes do judges use to make their decisions" and "what features do they focus on when making their decisions?" This article discusses both, in the…

It is theoretically acknowledged that needs assessments generally present holistic views in new, quality improvement or extension of projects. Although previous studies demonstrated the significant contributions of approaches and methods, reviews of the literature on needs assessments describing formal and non-formal technical and vocational…

Active learning is the outcome of a series of higher education policy reforms conducted in the late 2000s and early 2010s in Japan. This approach gained momentum after it was prioritised in a comprehensive report produced by the Central Council of Education (an advisory board of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology).…

This study focuses on the assessment practices of EFL teachers in the upper secondary level in Turkey and explores how teachers' assessment practices and the assessment dimension of English language curriculum (for grades 9-12) match. In the study, teachers' purposes of assessing learners, which aspects of language they assess, and how they carry…

Those who implement character education initiatives intend for those initiatives to be effective in promoting the development of character. To maximize this likelihood, it is important to consider common problems of implementation and assessment. This article addresses four challenges to effective implementation: (a) what counts as evidence of…

Mathematics education faculty working in mathematics departments are commonly involved in teaching undergraduate mathematics courses, teaching and supervising postgraduate students of mathematics education, and developing mathematics teachers (pre-service and/or in-service). This paper proposes a new elective course that can be taken by either…

Successful intervention outcomes and comprehensive assessment is important for people who rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, the literature surrounding AAC assessment remains sparse. The purposes of this project were to describe the AAC assessment process followed by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and to…

Classroom assessment is an effective way to collect evidence about student learning, and a teacher's professional responsibility in assessment is to use high quality, fair, and ethical assessment information to make decisions about students' learning and teachers' instruction. This study used a scenario-based survey and investigated college…

Internationally there has been a movement to reform investigative work in child welfare and protection systems. These reforms have aimed to introduce national frameworks that systematize the way assessments are carried out. Several reports have identified shortcomings in the way that child protection investigations are carried out in Norway.…

The role of early childhood education and care (ECEC) is to support the learning and development of children in collaboration with families. The notion of inclusion in ECEC provides children with a sense of agency in becoming a learner able to participate fully and actively in their community. This paper illustrates how ECEC assessment approaches…

In the present paper, we assess whether website rating systems are useful for selecting educational apps for preschool age children. We selected the 10 highest scoring and 10 lowest scoring apps for 2-4-year-olds from two widely used websites (Good App Guide; Common Sense Media). Apps rated highly by the two websites had a higher educational…