Compared male lawyers (N=20), female lawyers (N=17), and female legal secretaries (N=20) concerning their work satisfaction, employment-related gratifications and deprivations, and their work values. Responses were largely similar. When they differed, the splits tended to be along the lines of job status rather than gender. (Author/JAC)

Minorities and women seeking their much-touted stake in the cable television industry are finding that there are far fewer jobs than anticipated and promised. Jobs that do exist are mostly in the lower echelons of the industry. (GC)

Investigated effects of quality, attributed author sex and organizational position, and rater sex on evaluation of business memos. Alternative questionnaire versions of four memos were rated anonymously by 146 members of a professional personnel association. Analysis of variance yielded a large main effect for memo quality. (Author/JAC)

The major finding of this study is that the rise in female labor force participation rates from 1956 to 1975 did not lower the overall level of experience. The widening gap between male and female earnings is attributed to the effects of discrimination and role differentiation. (SK)

Black occupational status improved somewhat in the 1970s as proportionately more Blacks moved into white-collar jobs, although few penetrated the higher salaried professional and managerial positions. Black workers need to gain more access to the higher skilled, better paying jobs in the white-collar fields if their earnings are to increase. (JOW)

With data from the Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this study investigates the direct and indirect effects of education on an individual's self-reported work hours lost due to illness. (Author/CT)

The importance of academic credentials is discussed in relation to the changing occupational composition of high-income earners, family status, and the prestige of particular degrees such as the MBA and JD. (JN)

The studies presented in this article resulted in the findings that gender differences in self-efficacy for the Holland themes are consistent with previous findings regarding gender differences in Holland interest patterns, although the gender differences are less pronounced in employed adults than in college students. Discusses other findings.…

Analysis of data for male workers from the 1940 Census found that racial differences in human capital and other characteristics explain all of the unemployment gap between blacks and whites in the South, but less than half in the North. Migration of black workers to the North may have increased the probability of their unemployment. (SK)

Identifies factors predicting employment or lack thereof among adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Results included the following variables as the best predictors of employment: symptom persistence, severity of symptoms, educational attainment, and presence of cognitive limitations. The relevance of the findings for rehabilitation assessment and…

Data from the Workplace Employee Relations Survey and Labour Force Survey identified employees who have the option of working at home and those required to work at home. Opportunity to choose is associated with higher-skilled, higher-paying occupations. Those required to work at home or denied the option include some of the most disadvantaged…

Female welfare recipients (n=144) and one child of each were interviewed. High levels of human and psychological capital and lower levels of family social ecology barriers predicted more maternal paid employment and psychological well-being. Analyses of nearly 1,200 welfare mothers' archival records correlated low initial capital with greater…

International Adult Literacy Survey data from Europe and the United States correlate literacy scores and educational attainment with unemployment rates and participation in training. Substantial numbers who have not completed secondary education and/or have lower literacy levels are unemployed, participate least in training, and have few…

Immigrants often are unable to practice their professions in new countries. Interviews in 1992 and 1995 with 910 Russian immigrants to Israel showed that participation in government-sponsored retraining helped improve occupational status and earnings, especially for women. Those with lower occupational status also benefitted subjectively from…

A study compared 473 adult releasees who had vocational/academic training to a control group (287) who did not. The vocational and vocational/academic groups had the highest employment rates and lowest criminal activity rates after 12 months of tracking. (JOW)