Provides an overview of the capabilities and potential educational applications of CD-ROM (compact disk read-only memory), artificial intelligence, and speech technology. Highlights include reference materials on CD-ROM; current developments in CD-I (compact disk interactive); synthesized and digital speech for microcomputers, including specific…

A review of prevalence studies using administrative classification found the highest male/female ratios at the upper end of the intelligence quotient range for children classified as mentally retarded. Other studies indicated that overrepresentation of boys may be due to their difficulty in meeting school performance requirements. (Author/CB)

Uses data from school age children (N=556) to test three models of the relation between adaptive behavior and intelligence. Model specifying adaptive behavior and intelligence as separate but related constructs proved significantly better than models specifying adaptive behavior and intelligence as completely unrelated constructs or as identical…

Content bias of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) was investigated with dominant English- and dominant Spanish-speaking Mexican American preschoolers. The identified item bias (mostly against the Spanish language group) is discussed in terms of information overload on memory as influenced by language differences in word length and…

Results of divergent thinking tests (administered to 228 intermediate school students, of whom about 43 percent were gifted) and calculated correlations between creativity and intelligence measures did not support the threshold theory which posits that creativity and intelligence are related only up to an intelligence quotient of about 120.…

The research results indicate that, although sex differences in mathematical abilities are not pronounced before high school, for some reason by the end of that period boys do better than girls in mathematical computation and problem solving. Environmental and biological explanations, intervention strategies and further research needs are…

Research has uncovered the underlying processes of reading. Research on three of these processes is reviewed: (1) elucidating a general model of reading; (2) developing word recognition accuracy and efficiency; and (3) improving comprehension through the training of text processing and through enhancement of vocabulary and background knowledge.…

Discusses the nature and current state of knowledge-based systems and expert systems. Describes an expert system from the viewpoints of a computer programmer and an applications expert. Addresses concerns related to materials selection and forecasts future developments in the teaching of materials engineering. (ML)

The article examines characteristics and present or potential applications of expert systems technology for diagnosis and treatment of learning disabilities. Preliminary findings indicate that expert systems can perform as well as humans in specific areas, and that the process of organizing knowledge bases for expert systems helps clarify existing…

Examines the functional characteristics of intelligent computer assisted instruction (ICAI) and discusses the requirements of a multidisciplinary cooperative effort of its development. A typical ICAI model is presented and intelligent features of ICAI systems are described, including modeling the student's learning process, qualitative decision…

A parent-offspring adoption path model, with a measured index of the home environment, was developed to assess extent to which genetic and environmental influences of the parents affect relationships between the environmental index and children's behavior. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) data from the Colorado Adoption Project were used. The…

Studied concurrent validity of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery-Children's Revision (LNNB-C) in learning disabled children categorized according to Verbal and Performance IQ differences. Found no significant differences between the three groups, thus failing to support the validity of the LNNB-C in discriminating between learning…

Asserts that Spearman's g is a real phenomenon with great impact on economic and social life. Discusses key areas of personnel selection, vocational counseling, education, labor market functioning, and equal employment opportunity. (Author/ABB)

Canadian undergraduate students were administered the British general ability test, AH2, along with a multiple-choice vocabulary test and the Standard Progressive Matrices, a nonverbal ability test. Scores were compared with British norms and intercorrelated with those of the other two tests. Correlations with the other ability tests were low.…

The Learning Potential Assessment Device and Instrumental Enrichment are two much needed improvements in education. Used in tandem, they rectify previous problems of testing and teaching by providing an unbiased assessment device which does not rely on labels for categories of learners. (VM)