LESSON 7 BEGINS THE SECOND QUESTION AND ANSWER SEQUENCE IN THE FIRST UNIT. THE FUNCTION OF THIS SEQUENCE IS TO REVIEW ALL THE PREPOSITIONS INTRODUCED IN LESSON 6. THE NEW WORD "WHERE" IS INTRODUCED BY THE HELPER'S ASKING A QUESTION CONTAINING THE WORD "WHERE." THE STUDENT ANSWERS BY READING THE ANSWER UNDER THE PICTURE. THE…

THE LESSON INTRODUCES THE LAST POSSESSIVE PRONOUN FOR THIS UNIT, THE WORD "THEIR." THE POSSESSIVE CASE AND ALL THE POSSESSIVE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHARACTER AND OBJECTS ARE THEN REVIEWED IN A QUESTION AND ANSWER SEQUENCE. THE WORD "WHOSE" IS CONTAINED IN SOME QUESTIONS. FINALLY, THE LESSON INTRODUCES "QUESTION" AND…

THE NAMES OF FOUR FOODS - CORN, MILK, BREAD, AND HAM - ARE INTRODUCED BY LINKING THEM WITH PICTURES. A NEW ARTICLE, "THIS," IS INTRODUCED. DISCRIMINATION IS DRAWN BETWEEN "THIS" AND "THE." A SEQUENCE TEACHES THE DIAGRAPH "TH." THE ARTICLE "A" AND THE VERB "ARE" ARE INTRODUCED. THE STUDENT…

THE NOUNS--TABLE, DOOR, ROOM, HOUSE, AND BED--ARE INTRODUCED BY PRESENTING THEM WITH APPROPRIATE PICTURES. THE RELATIONSHIP IS MADE STRONGER BY A DEMAND FOR RECOGNITION IN SITUATIONS WHERE NOUNS ARE COMPARED AND CONTRASTED TO PICTURES. "THE" AND "AND" ARE INTRODUCED BY VISUAL AND ORAL CUES FROM A HELPER. FURTHER DISCRIMINATION…

LESSON 4 BEGINS THE INTRODUCTION OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. THE HELPER BEGINS BY ASKING A QUESTION. THE STUDENT RESPONDS BY READING THE SENTENCE INTRODUCED IN THE LAST LESSON. NEXT, THE QUESTIONS ARE READ BY THE STUDENT. PUNCTUATION IS INTRODUCED--QUESTION MARKS DENOTING QUESTIONS AND PERIODS INDICATING ANSWERS. THEN THE STUDENT IS ASKED TO READ A…

ONE OF THREE STORIES WAS USED AS SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL TO THE FIRST UNIT, THIS STORY CONCERNS A BOY WHO IS FORCED TO RAKE LEAVES BY HIS MOTHER. THE TEXT IS DRAMATIZED BY RELATED ILLUSTRATIONS AND USES THE READING VOCABULARY DEVELOPED IN THE FIRST UNIT.

THE NAMES OF CLOTHES ARE INTRODUCED - DRESS, SHIRT, TIE, AND HAT - BY LINKING VISUAL AND ORAL CUES TO THE WORDS. FROM A REVIEW OF THE SECOND LESSON, THE PHRASE "THE BIG DAY" IS INTRODUCED (ARTICLE, ADJECTIVE, NOUN). TO THIS PHRASE "IS" IS ADDED. THE STUDENT MUST RECOGNIZE "IS" AS A NEW WORD AND MUST UNDERLINE IT IN…

PICTURES OF FOUR NOUNS ARE INTRODUCED--MAN, WOMAN, CAT, AND DOG. THE NEXT SEQUENCE OF PAGES TEACHES WORD RECOGNITION THROUGH CONFIGURATION. A GEOMETRIC FORM IN THE SHAPE OF THE WORD IS LINKED WITH THE WORD ITSELF, FOLLOWED BY A PICTURE-WORD DISCRIMINATION FOR EACH OF THE FOUR NOUNS. THE WORD IS COMPARED AND CONTRASTED TO PICTURES. THE SERIES THEN…

A LONGITUDINAL STUDY WAS PERFORMED WHICH FOLLOWED THREE GROUPS OF CHILDREN (CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED, AVERAGE, AND CULTURALLY ADVANTAGED) THROUGH GRADE THREE IN AN ATTEMPT TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN PERCEPTUAL FACTORS ON SUCCESS OR FAILURE IN BEGINNING READING. INSTRUMENTS USED WERE SELECTED TO IDENTIFY…

Although a recent study shows that school children in Denmark are acquiring initial reading proficiencies at a slower pace than in previous years, that there were more very good readers and more very poor readers in 1972-73 than in 1966, that the average reading performance was lower in 1972-73 than in 1966, and that children in 1972-73 read more…

A study was conducted to determine which of three major cue systems (linguistic, cognitive, or extralinguistic) 146 subjects at the kindergarten, first grade and second grade levels used to reconstruct meaning when confronted with a reading task. Cue system utilization was related to four factors: modality (listening versus reading), reading…

To determine the degree of emphasis on phonics instruction necessary for beginning readers, a study was conducted involving five pairs of four-year-old monozygotic twins. Randomly selected twins from each pair were exposed to two different levels of phonics instruction. In one group, the reduced treatment group, only one sound equivalent per…

The effectiveness of the Three Owls Reading Method was tested, using 53 children from a Head Start program. The Three Owls system combines sight, phonic, and linguistic reading methods with movement and touch modes of instruction. After a pretest for phonic letter recognition, the students were matched and assigned to one of two classes in a…

This paper examines the relationship between beginning reading and cognitive development and reviews some of the research conducted so far. It is noted that children learning to read may be in various stages of cognitive development, some at a preoperation stage, some at a concrete operation stage, and some at a transition stage. Instructional…

This research was done to determine whether formal kindergarten training in alphabet and number names would result in a higher reading level for children at the end of grade 1. As part of an earlier research project, two classes of primarily middle-class kindergarten children received 8 weeks of training in alphabet and number names. Two control…