A behavior modification treatment program, using a combination of reinforcement of positive behaviors and a time out procedure, was effective in reducing deviant and psychotic-like behaviors in a 12-year-old girl with an IQ of 23. (KW)

Attitudes of teachers toward bi-racial situations seem to be an added variable in the praise-criticism dimension of teacher behavior. Classes in which the teacher's race differs from that of the pupils have a more positive situation, which aids in pupil motivation. (Author)

Research partially supported by grant MH-13470-01 from the National Institute of Mental Health.

Suggests several positive reinforcement methods that teachers may employ with inner-city students to improve student responsibility, organization, and motivation. These methods include offering incentives for grade improvement, tangible and nontangible reinforcers, token systems, and social reinforcement. (GC)

The on-task behavior of a visually impaired 11 year-old increased from 49 percent to 96 percent over a nine-week period when she received tokens and social reinforcement for on-task behavior and assignment completion. (Author/CL)

When the effectiveness of free time and daily report card systems on assignment completion and accuracy of four junior high school special education students were compared, results indicated that both procedures improved students' performance. (Author)

Ethical issues confront behavior therapists in a variety of ways, and must therefore be defined. Being objective means being willing to change the mind even if belief is reinforced by the verbal community. Similarly, acting in a morally correct way sometimes means acting contrary to reinforcing practices. (PJC)

Businesses are finding that positive reinforcement is a useful tool in management and supervision. However, there are few reports of the systematic use of positive reinforcement by educational administrators and supervisors. (Author/MLF)

The client was taught to gradually substitute nonobscene phrases whenever she felt the urge to vocalize an obscenity. The rate of coprolalia quickly diminished. The client was taught relaxation and positive imagery as self-control techniques. Follow-up indicated maintenance of therapeutic gains. (Author)

Reinforcement of appropriate student behavior in order to create peer role models is an effective disciplinary technique for physical education classes. (LH)

The relationship between individual attitudes and beliefs and response to health education is examined. (JD)

The central focus of this research study was to determine if differentiated achievement results would emerge if the environment into which high level questions are launched was varied in terms of providing varying degrees of positive reinforcement for high level responses to high level questions. (Author/RM)

The present study investigated the effects of candy, social, and token rewards on the IQ scores of children of above average intelligence. The results showed that IQ scores increased considerably as a function of token rewards. Social rewards produced only minor changes, and candy rewards produced none. (Author)

Discusses problems that often occur in the implementation and maintenance of incentive programs in residential institutions for adolescents. Suggests recommendations for overcoming these problems. (MS)