The MARC Pilot Project was an experiment conducted by the Library of Congress, in cooperation with 16 participating libraries, to determine the feasibility of putting cataloging data into machine-readable from for distribution of magnetic tapes. MARC (Machine Readable Cataloging) records were distributed for some 16,000 titles in the pilot phase…

Seven reasons excerpted from "Language Laboratory Learning" (1960) by Fernand Marty are cited for a preference for individual rooms or closed booths to language laboratories with open booths. The author specifies additional psychological and acoustical advantages of the closed booth system. Weaknesses inherent in the open booth laboratory are also…

This condensed article on the language laboratory describes educational and financial possibilities and limitations, often citing the foreign language program at Purdue University as an example. The author discusses: (1) costs and amortization, (2) preventive maintenance, (3) laboratory design, (4) the multichannel recorder, and (5) visuals. Other…

This report explores some techniques that could assist educational managers in their attempts to arrive at more optimal input and output mixes. Following a review of the literature on input-output analyses in education and a description of the Pennsylvania Educational Quality Assessment Program (the basis of the present study), an empirical…

This publication contains an encapsulated report on a 1973 pilot project on computer aided bus routing and scheduling involving 22 diversified school districts of New Jersey. Called Transportation Information Planning Service (TRIPS), the project sought to develop and subject to initial test a man-machine system that would offer optimum latitude…

A general methodology for cost effectiveness analysis was developed and applied to the Colorado State University library loan desk. The cost effectiveness of the existing semi-automated circulation system was compared with that of a fully manual one, based on the existing manual subsystem. Faculty users' time and computer operating costs were…

This report, the second of two volumes, contains a summary of some of the findings and recommendations resulting from research of the Child Development Associate (CDA) Training Program performed by the National Planning Association (NPA). Three areas are reviewed: (1) the involvement of states in CDA credentialing, including an analysis of present…

This paper outlines the history of paraprofessionals and reviews the reasons for their use. However, its main focus is on the specific ways in which these people are currently being used in the schools. The authors discuss the two major kinds of paraprofessionals -- service-oriented and instructional -- and analyze the various methods that have…

A study was made to determine the extent of the need for transportation, the efficiency with which school bus routes are designed, the quality of the service, the administrative provisions and procedures to deliver the service, and the methods of financing the cost. Findings, conclusions, and recommendations are summarized in the first chapter of…

The purpose of the study was to explore the possibility of developing a comprehensive conceptual framework for measuring the costs and benefits of foreign trade to American workers. Foreign trade was conceived of primarily as a number of parts of the dynamic world production-distribution-consumption process rather than as an aggregate exchange of…

The major special feature of a planned college building is the application of Academic Building System (ABS) planning concepts to the building design and construction. The primary feature of this approach is total future flexibility of general academic space by use of movable and compatible subsystems. These subsystems appear in the form of…

In their general policy, school boards should include a periodic review of all pertinent facts regarding obsolescence, renovation, and rehabilitation of school buildings. Should the estimated cost of rehabilitation equal about 60 to 70 percent of the estimated cost of the replacement, in the long term assessment, it might be more satisfactory to…

This publication, comprising evaluative study results of the Northville, Michigan schools, illustrates the cost benefits of a 45-15 extended school year versus a traditional school year at the elementary level. Operational costs for elementary students are compared on a per pupil basis. Estimates from the Northville case study suggest that an…

The feasibility of the 45-15 plan for elementary schools is considered and the four-quarter or quinmester plan for secondary schools in Guam is explored. Topics considered in this study are personnel, administration, facilities, bus transportation, curriculum development, cost effectiveness, and optional versus mandatory year-round school…

This document (1) describes current PPBS techniques and their limitations for planning and budgeting in public higher education; (2) presents suggestions for PPBS applications in higher education systems, with emphases on the problems of identifying objectives, evaluating effectiveness, and structuring the program budget; and (3) analyzes the…