Science now offers new conceptions of the learning process and the development of competent performance. This book presents a contemporary account of principles of learning, and calls into question concepts and practices commonly used in schools. Topics explored include how learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain, the effect…

Discusses how the dynamics of stress and coping change with the processes of aging. Suggests that since aging is a highly individualized process, cross-sectional studies of the phenomenon may be inadequate unless supplemented by a longitudinal perspective. (Author/AOS)

The state of both research and practice in the field of foreign language instruction for adults in Europe is outlined. The organization and dissemination of existing research is called for, including the special needs of migrants and the communities they enter. (MSE)

Discusses the school-work relationship for women, noting that pertinent research traditions (occupational status attainment research, human capital research) have focused on men and male-female differences. Suggests reworking the models to focus on male-female differences in education (academic achievement, course choices, school socialization).…

Contains five reports identifying critical issues facing counseling psychology. Discusses current and future problems and strategies for coping. Presents definitions and a perspective of the discipline of counseling psychology. Describes the relationship of counseling psychology to the marketplace. Discusses scientific and counselor education and…

Presented are trends and projections in social work doctoral education including: historical summary, review of existing studies, increasing productivity in next decade providing resources are not curtailed, and need for more emphasis on postdoctoral education. Central objectives in social work relate to social policy, teaching, and…

The student teaching experience can be highly stressful. Little is being done to prepare student teachers to cope with stress, and research on the subject is limited. Suggestions are made for ways to help student teachers cope with stress and objectives for research on the topic are discussed. (JD)

Studies published since 1965 on the relationship between classroom behavior and academic achievement are reviewed. Criteria are established for selecting the studies, the research is assessed, and recommendations for future research are made. (MH)

The Finnish Minister of Education and Science discusses what national authorities in most contexts expect of higher education, with some attention given to the Finnish context. Issues examined include innovation, expansion of educational opportunity, demands for educational quality and relevance, research priorities and quality, responsibility for…

Argues that educational research does not support the effects of transitional bilingual education as a superior instructional practice for improving the English-language achievement of limited-English-proficient students. Real studies are needed of the effectiveness of intensive English language instruction. (SLD)

Addresses some of the recent criticism aimed at educational research, its failure to provide a sound base for teaching or to generate a cumulative body of knowledge. Answers that there is always a dichotomy between research and application and argues that restrictions would only worsen the situation. (MJP)

The public debate on the activities of college faculty is discussed, and a new, more policy-relevant approach to studying these activities is offered. The approach requires looking at faculty work activities as integrated and holistic, rather than fragmented, and describing faculty in a way that reflects the individualistic nature of faculty work.…

Interviews with 108 high school teachers in eastern Kentucky, northeastern England, and St. Petersburg (Russia) examined cross-cultural similarities and differences in teachers' beliefs about influences on student motivation. The findings demonstrate how comparative research that relies solely on teacher opinions can be problematic. Studies that…

Examines research on computer-based mathematics learning in the context of constructivist learning and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards. The reviewed studies examined the effectiveness of computer software in the three categories of programming, computer-assisted instruction, and mathematical tools. Future research is…

Reviews research on experiences of vulnerable and poor English multiracial families. Finds three emerging concerns: (1) relationship between family structure, locality and racism, and disadvantage and oppression; (2) the impact of family life on culturally defined gender roles; and (3) the limitations of current early years research and practice.…