The tasks of socialization (especially political) and modernization have placed the political and educational systems in India in close interrelationship. One result of this close relationship has been politicization which forces the educational system to resort to the use of political influence. (Author/MS)

This paper examines the history of midwifery in Appalachia. Throughout history, women in labor have been supported by other women. Midwives learned as apprentices, gaining skills and knowledge from older women. Eventually, formalized training for midwives was developed in Europe, but no professional training existed in the United States until…

This document reports that Campus Alberta is emerging as a key framework under which Albertans will be able to pursue and achieve their lifelong learning goals. Campus Alberta is neither a program nor an institution, but rather a concept, a set of principles and a way in which the learning system works to deliver seamless learning opportunities…

The factors contributing to the need for educational change in the direction of lifelong learning are discussed: global phenomena (economic change and demographic trends); scientific and technological developments (obsolescence of knowledge, development of human sciences, the application of technological progress to education); and social dynamics…

Folk development colleges, modelled on the Swedish folk high schools, were started to prepare Tanzanians to develop their personalities and their capacity to think and to help them understand national policies, international affairs, further education, and ways to develop their culture. Program development and implementation are described.…

Reported is the analysis of a stratified random sample of oil and forestry industry advertisements in selected magazines over a 20-year period. The objective of the research was to characterize the tenor of the imparted environmental messages and trends. (RE)

Education is inextricably linked with politics; it is used as a means of indoctrination or liberation. Evaluators of educational programs are not neutral; choices are made of methods, objects of study, and potential uses of results. Evaluation tools should take these factors into consideration and focus on organizations rather than individuals in…

Describes the Wilderness Ranger program of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Rangers patrol backcountry areas to provide information and education to hikers and campers, thereby helping to protect both the visitors and the wilderness resource. (Author/WB)

Details several agricultural and health development programs initiated during the past decade in the Cauca Valley in Colombia. Introduced through nonformal educational strategies making use of media, these programs have had mixed results. (LLS)

The role of the social group in learning at science centers is discussed. The author emphasizes that science centers can contribute to formal science education, although the environment is informal and the learning is not sequential. (Author/SA)

A description is given of the different ways a child participates and interacts at home and at school and speculates on these differences as sources of potential misunderstanding between teachers and children as they engage in academic activities. (JD)

Demonstrates how education can be studied through folk literature and humor, using Seba Smith's folk hero, Major Jack Downing. Illustrates a broadened conception of what constitutes education and contributes to education other than schooling. (Author/CK)

Central governments must recognize the need for decentralization of development efforts, to plan programs specific to the needs and conditions of each target population. Development programs are characterized by program overlap because of diversity of sponsorship. A possible mechanism is a training and development center at the subnational level.…

Describes the Brazilian system of education and indicates some of the problems being encountered in the administration of the system. Observes the school system at the federal, state, county and local levels. (Author/RK)