Evidence of the efficacy of developmental therapy is examined through a literature review of meta-analytic and single-subject research. Future research directions for evaluating the effectiveness of early physical therapy and occupational therapy are discussed, such as criterion-referenced outcome measures and functional outcome measures.…

This study of undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in computer literacy courses focuses on the effects of orienting activities and varied cognitive processing times on learning facts and deriving inferences. Highlights include computer-based instruction processing, embedded instructional activities, and suggestions for further research.…

An interagency committee recommends more university and industry involvement in efforts to stop the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and find a cure, and encourages increased federal funding and assurances that funding will be ongoing for both basic biological and AIDS research. (MSE)

A dialogue between Socrates and a researcher who claims to know what constitutes effective teaching is used to critique the implicit assumptions held by researchers. Teacher effectiveness research is criticized, and potential bridges for communication suggested. (MNS)

Confrey's article is criticized on the basis of unbalanced content coverage, distortions in the treatment of the content that is covered, and the lack of readiness to come to grips with the realities of classroom teaching. (MNS)

This critical assessment of information science philosophy reviews literature which focuses on scientific development, science/society interface, and communication between disciplines. Science education and cognitive styles are discussed, possible research projects are suggested, and 50 references are included. (Author/LRW)

An economic viewpoint is applied to four educational issues in the acquisition of reasoning skills: (1) defining reasoning; (2) methods for producing and developing reasoning skills in the classroom; (3) how the economy allocates and values reasoning skills; and (4) future economic needs for reasoning skills. (BS)

Three research areas relevant to the relationship between writing and reasoning are reviewed: (1) cultural consequences of written language, including changes in reasoning ability; (2) individual consequences of particular writing experiences; and (3) the status of writing activities in American schools. Further research is needed to establish how…

Graeme Hanson and Delmer Pascoe describe the San Francisco Child and Adolescent Sexual Abuse Resource Center, a 24-hour crisis intervention program for sexually abused children based in a pediatric setting. Pnina Tobin describes a primary prevention model to empower children to reduce their vulnerability to abuse. (CT)

Issues of instructional effectiveness need to be examined at three levels: (1) the context in which instruction takes place and the rewards provided for teaching well; (2) comparison of teaching paradigms; and (3) the knowledge to be learned and the skills that are part of the learning process. (MSE)

Research on intelligent tutoring systems is discussed from the point of view of providing moment-by-moment adaptation of content and form of instruction to the changing cognitive needs of individual learners. Implications of this goal for cognitive diagnosis, subject matter analysis, teaching tactics, and teaching strategies are analyzed. (Author)

Studies in self-questioning designed to improve students' prose processing are reviewed in the context of three theoretical perspectives: active processing perspective, metacognitive theory, and schema theory. The effects of self-questioning training on students' prose processing seem successful. Constraints of content knowledge and metacognitive…

Reviews empirical studies dealing with the relationship between teaching effectiveness and teachers' research activities. Looks at the intricacies involved in measuring teacher effectiveness. Presents reasons for continuing to promote research by teachers (e.g., to prevent burnout and to expand sensitivity to the discipline). (DMM)

Traces historical development of soap operas and presents results of surveys conducted with college students to determine how viewing affects their behavior, attitudes, and beliefs. Results indicate students neither seek nor take advice from soap operas whereas early radio soap opera listeners sought practical explanations of appropriate behavior…

Reports results of studies with an unsupervised learning paradigm called competitive learning which is examined using computer simulation and formal analysis. When competitive learning is applied to parallel networks of neuron-like elements, many potentially useful learning tasks can be accomplished. (Author)