Trends in vocational education and training (VET) reform in Italy, Spain, and Portugal are examined in the context of European Community developments. The paper describes common problems (such as a low average qualification level), each country's current VET system, and specific strategies for structural change and program development. (DB)

The article recommends that colleges and universities have a clear and detailed endowment policy that will meet donors' demands for accountability. The disclosure document needs to address investment policy and use of gifts and be communicated to trustees and staff. A collaborative relationship between fund-raising and financial operations is…

Using data gathered in interviews and observations, this article examines the effects of formal policy structures on the work of professionals dealing with adolescent sexuality. Informal structures and policies initiated by these professionals are discussed, along with the mechanisms used to develop and communicate them. Recommendations are…

Outlines efforts of Polish authorities and academia to train teachers of English. Recognition of the language's importance, student interest, and government language reform have increased demand for English instruction beyond the Polish system's present capabilities. To meet this demand, an intensive English-language-teacher training program has…

Discussion of how information technology affects higher education focuses on ethical dilemmas and creating appropriate policies and guidelines. The process of exercising discipline within a university community is considered, and one model of policy creation and community process that used facilitated discussions at the University of Michigan is…

Division over the aims of affirmative action and the loyalties and aspirations of various interest groups have betrayed the policy's original purpose. The public's attention has been shifted away from discriminatory practices and appropriate remedies. Higher education must rethink and reform the whole process before it becomes compromised by…

Traces the history and development of the Children's Television Act of 1990 that establishes individual stations' obligations to serve children's needs and limits the amount of advertising. Describes the failure of the marketplace to provide educational programing once children's television was deregulated. Concludes that children's television is…

Discusses the extent to which the Australian language policy "White Paper" meets the real needs of the Australian people, and the quality of Australia's on-going performance in and commitment to well-articulated language and language education policymaking relating to languages other than English. (GLR)

Faculty workload is discussed in terms of teaching, research, and service and then considered in the context of institutional mission and workload standards. A model for defining a faculty workload policy is presented. (Contains seven references.) (LB)

This paper presents a summary of presentations and discussion from a World Health Organization meeting of experienced low vision practitioners. It outlines the magnitude of the problem; current status of low vision care; enhancement of the use of vision; and recommendations in definitions, identification, assessment, low vision centers, education,…

UNESCO has undergone several phases in its contribution to the formulation of language policies worldwide. UNESCO has acted as a somewhat sporadic advocate over the years without coming forward with an actual charter of linguistic rights. It may be that international organizations by their nature seek consensus only or that UNESCO is without a…

The distinctive cultural characteristics of the different disciplines and implications for higher education research, policy, and practice are examined. It is argued that these differences are often ignored in policy analysis, resulting in inadequate analysis. Discussion focuses on disciplinary activities at three levels: systemwide;…

Explains geospatial data (which describes aspects of geographic features normally found on maps that are now in digital form) and discusses its use in geographic information systems. Topics addressed include areas for standardization; policy development; and partnerships between federal, state, and local governments and the private sector. (12…

Discusses the development and current decline of public libraries in Egypt based on a study of international influences which helped shape national discourses about development and provided the context for policymaking and resource allocation in Egypt. The role of UNESCO is examined, and further research is suggested. (LRW)

As state legislatures have become increasingly involved in establishing educational policy, state boards' authority has diminished. Presently, there are no clear demarcations between rule making and implementation. Most state boards handle administrative and regulatory tasks rather than policymaking. Cumbersome and expensive to operate, state…