Evidence overwhelmingly shows that providing workers with advance notice of layoffs generates substantial benefits (to displaced workers, their families, local communities, and the economy in general) that vastly outweigh any reasonable estimates of costs. Advance notice allows displaced workers to find work prior to their date of displacement,…

This discussion of the laser videodisk begins by noting that it is an extremely high density visual storage medium that can supply instructors with vast visual warehouses to supplement instruction, whether through conventional group presentations or via individualized computer assisted instruction. Major features of the medium are then described…

Although computer-assisted instruction (CAI) simulates a conversation between a tutor and student, it does not permit the quality of interaction so desirable in the tutorial process. This study attempted to see if team learning techniques might be one answer to the lack of interaction in programmed instruction. What would happen if pairs of…

This document, current through 1986, contains four parts. Part I presents a conceptual framework used to view disability among the working age population; the rudiments and objectives of workers' compensation programs; and an explanation of the criteria of adequacy, equity, and efficiency as used in the report. Part II presents a study of 10…

This monograph examines a collection of empirical evaluation studies, each of which compares two or more instructional practices, techniques, or systems for teaching a particular subject or curriculum in terms of one or more quantitative indices of instructional productivity, e.g., teaching effectiveness (pupil performance), and cost factors or…

Data were obtained from Department of Defense (DOD) officials and installations having experience with gainsharing programs. (Gainsharing programs measure gains in employee productivity and share the resulting savings between employees and the organization.) Analysis of private sector studies on gainsharing efforts identified three major trends in…

The National Preventive Dentistry Demonstration Program assessed the cost and effectiveness of various types and combinations of school-based preventive dental care procedures. The program involved 20,052 first, second, and fifth graders from five fluoridated and five non-fluoridated communities. These children were examined at baseline and…

A report is given of the work of a group convened by the World Health Organization (WHO) to address the issues related to the development of Model Health Care Programs (MHCPs), and to apply the principles thus identified to the case of a specific health problem--low back pain. A discussion of the principles of the development of MHCPs includes…

The Lancastrian Monitorial System of Instruction was devised in the late eighteenth century by a teacher in England, Joseph Lancaster, who found it necessary to keep educational costs down in order to continue teaching poor people in the area. This system was organized so that one master teacher could instruct from 200 to 1,000 pupils at one time.…

This group of four papers considers the future of the cable television industry, and in particular, examines the impact of recent court and regulatory decisions in this field. The papers presented are: (1) "The First Amendment, Cable TV, and the Must-Carry Rule: Moving towards a Cost-Benefit Analysis" (John R. Woodbury, Federal Trade…

A discussion of higher education costs looks at two aspects of costs (the factors that influence them and the types of cost analysis) and synthesizes the results of a survey of state higher education officers (SHEEOs). A variety of factors influencing the number and type of resources available to a college are examined, including influences within…

Presented in question-and-answer format, the fact sheet provides educators with general information on photocopying and offset printing processes and offers specific tips for saving money on printing and reproduction. The first section addresses the use of photocopying, describes instances when photocopying is most economic, and discusses…

Previous economic models suggested that, due to the high channel capacity of cable technology and its capability of pricing television programs directly to the viewers, its diffusion would promote specialized "narrow appeal" programming designed to serve relatively small audience segments. While this has clearly occurred, these models do…

The MacArthur/Spencer special project on Illinois school finance is dedicated to the exploration of three central concepts in Illinois school finance: equity, adequacy, and efficiency. While most reports on the project have dealt directly with equity and adequacy, this report confronts the issue of efficiency by discussing the policy and legal…

A discussion is presented on how athletic administrators can develop a global athletic promotional plan for the purpose of raising funds for their programs. Such a plan should be established through a meaningful, realistic, and accurate assessment or evaluation process which identifies the needs and limitations as well as the attributes or…