The literature on parental attitudes towards supported employment for adults with mental retardation is reviewed, and issues needing further research are raised. The role of expectations in service delivery and research is pointed out. (Author/DB)

Critically reviews clinical outcome literature on efficacy of paradoxical interventions in psychotherapy over last seven years. Examines studies under headings of paradoxical intention studies, symptom prescription studies, and reframing studies. Concludes with general evaluation of current standing of paradoxical interventions and calls for…

A systematic search of academic intervention research with students with learning disabilities published from 1978 through 1987 in eight major special education journals revealed that academic intervention with this population has received scant attention. Under- and unresearched areas are also identified. (Author/MSE)

During the past two decades, three schools of research have increased our understanding of how individuals interact with their environments, abstract relevant data, interrelate new experiences with existing knowledge, and apply accumulated information to new tasks. New developments in learning styles, brain behavior, and thinking skills research…

Discussion of how to teach programming skills to novice programmers focuses on the use of a program animator that uses a copies model of recursion to teach the recursive function. Various mental models are reviewed; testing the recursion animator is described; and possibilities for further research are suggested. (12 references) (LRW)

Examines the knowledge base of an intermediary expert system that provides advice about search term selection. Topics include a proposal for an integrated approach, including an option focusing on terminological attributes based on knowledge acquired from professional searchers; and the content of the knowledge base and the research needed to…

A second and third generation of educational anthropologists and sociologists is studying American school and educational processes. Sociology is working toward a synthesis of agency and structure and exploring the sociology of knowledge. Anthropology, seeking to mediate local and global cultures, may also have implications for supervision theory…

Offers an overview of the development of risk assessment and its purpose and goals, a summary of research on risk assessment to date, and suggestions regarding future research. Notes the research on risk assessment confirms the lack of conceptual clarity and the difficulty of incorporating it into the child protective services system. (TJQ)

In response to the question of how research can contribute to the recently intensified reexamination of family reunification services in public as well as private child welfare agencies, this article reviews research findings from related studies, delineates knowledge gaps and issues, and identifies emerging research priorities. (TJQ)

A recent "Kappan" article by Naomi Zigmond and associates concludes that results from three major, federally funded research projects showed that restructured, inclusive elementary schools produce unacceptable and undesirable outcomes for a significant proportion of learning-disabled students. However, the authors' program-effectiveness standards…

Presents a history of information science and examines research problems that confront information science historians. Concludes that information science researchers need to draw on a range of related historical studies such as the history of science and technology, printing and publishing, and information institutions such as libraries, archives,…

This article presents a review of current conceptualizations of clinical expertise in speech-language pathology; reviews claims about the impact that factors like belief, enthusiasm, and innovation can have on learning; and concludes with suggestions for the research needed to develop a theory of clinical expertise in speech-language pathology.…

It is argued that "unplanned" language policy and planning are an important but underexamined aspect of the field of language planning. Planners must consider the problems raised by "unplanned" aspects and scholars must document their effects on language planning. (Contains 15 references.) (LB)

Presents a conceptual framework and notation for learner modelling in intelligent tutoring systems based on the computational distinction between behavior, behavioral knowledge, and conceptual knowledge and between the system, the learner, and the system's representation of the learner. Approaches to learner modelling based on a review of the…

Discusses the implications for professional practice and society of physical activity and stress, looking at the views of a series of papers that examined the issue of stress and exercise. The article focuses on what is missing in current research on stress and physical activity. (SM)