Suggests that claims about cognition can be made at four levels--biological, implementation, algorithmic, and rational--but that theoretical claims about conversational cognition can most usefully be pursued at the rational and algorithmic levels. Proposes criteria and reviews promising methods for studying conversational cognition, in an effort…

Proposes a framework to examine principals' careers and argues for more research attention on that subject. The framework facilitates understanding of the principalship incentive system by showing how objective features of the principal's role and the principal's own assessment of the career are intertwined. Principals' accounts of their careers…

Discussion of automatic indexing in information retrieval systems focuses on attempts to improve the indexing representation produced by the FASIT system. Concept selection and concept grouping are explained; improving disambiguation is discussed; and a retrieval experiment to test the effectiveness of the disambiguation using the cystic fibrosis…

Describes a framework for collecting evidence on the impact of educational technology on learning. The framework is designed to provide a common core of evidence, have internal coherence and the ability to sustain layered objectives, be easy to use, and accommodate a range of foci and perspectives. Suggested questions for a review process are…

This review examined parenting education interventions in 20 published studies, involving 190 parents with intellectual disabilities. The most common instructional approach was behavioral. Initial training, follow-up, and social validity results were encouraging, whereas generalization and child outcomes data were weak. Research needs are noted.…

Thirty studies on supported employment for people with disabilities were evaluated using a proposed Social Validity Matrix. Results suggested further research should investigate alternative strategies for assessing social validity, develop systematic procedures for collecting and using social validity data, and establish functional variables…

The ability to develop new problem descriptions, called problem restructuring in architectural design, has been related to creativity. Looking at human creativity through problem restructuring is likely to offer more research results and questions and can benefit understanding of the role of creativity in professional practice and related decision…

This introductory article reviews trends in research in intellectual disability in Australia and reports on a workshop of the Research and Development Advisory Committee of the Department of Community Services and Health, that identified knowledge gaps and key issues. A coherent programmatic research agenda, characterized by interaction between…

Reviews prior research on homelessness and describes what remains to be done. Calls for greater attention to the socioeconomic causes of homelessness, its image in the media, and public attitudes toward the problem. (DM)

Details a method and rationale for unearthing hidden curricula in departments, colleges, or schools to provide the information necessary for informed decisions about the teaching of writing throughout the university. Describes information about writing within the disciplines gathered at the School of Social Work. (PRA)

Recent adult education research shows little interest in racial and ethnic minorities. Suggested areas for investigation include early learning experiences, adult development, self-directed learning, learning and teaching styles, classroom environment, and intergroup relations. Diverse research methods, particularly naturalistic inquiry and…

Presents a summary of the issues addressed at a national meeting sponsored by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC), the goal of which was to produce a national agenda for research in the archival management of electronic records. Research opportunities and methodologies are identified, and criteria for research…

This position paper calls for efforts to increase connections between studies of giftedness and mainstream psychological and educational research, arguing that studies of giftedness have contributed to mainstream theory and may play special roles in theory development. Strategies are proposed for overcoming barriers to further integration with…

Comments on the attempt to construct a coherent intellectual viewpoint to span the disparate projects of interpersonal and mass communication research. Considers how the discipline of communication can construct functional representations of itself despite diversity. (SR)

Analysis of 395 recent dissertations in early childhood special education found that less than half included children with disabilities, but many incorporated experimental designs, employed qualitative procedures, and targeted social/behavioral and communication topics. Results suggest an increased emphasis on systematic investigations of…