Forty-two preschool children participated in this 2-year Head Start research project conducted at the University of Hawaii. The objectives of the overall project were (1) to focus interest on the need for early intervention with poorly-functioning preschool children with the intent to offer services of a preventive rather than remedial function;…

Predictors of reading success for 188 Negro and white upper- and lower-class children in eight schools of two adjoining Southern rural counties were determined. The Children's Self-Social Constructs Test provided measures of such areas as self-esteem, social dependency, and minority identification. Teachers rated each child on 24 kinds of…

A general working model of cognitive development assumes that there are sets of orthogonal cognitive abilities, which remain fairly stable after age 7. This paper examines the long term predictive and diagnostic value of assessing specific cognitive abilities among preschool children. This model by empirical studies was defendable on the grounds…

Factors affecting measuring ability in machine shop practices at the high school level were investigated. A sample of 157 male students enrolled at four metropolitan high schools in Chicago was administered four tests devised specifically for this study (one each on measuring ability, numerical ability, mechanical knowledge, and kinesthetic…

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the ability of an auditory perceptual technique to enhance prediction of later reading success of children of kindergarten and first grade age. A group of kindergarten age students and a group of first grade age students were selected as subjects. The Revised Auditory Test was used to assess…

The suitability of the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) as a valid measure of school achievement for use on a national health survey is discussed. It was found that the Arithmetic and Reading sections of the 1963 Revised Wide Range Achievement Test have reasonably good construct validity as judged by their relation to the Stanford and the…

This report describes an eighteen-month postrelease followup of 142 young male offenders released from Draper Correctional Center in Elmore, Alabama. The basic objectives of the study were the analysis of criminal behavior and the evaluation of institutional treatment programs. Men who had participated in Manpower Development and Training (MDT)…

The purpose of this report is to describe the results of a series of studies conducted on the relationships between census information and school achievement in the Chicago Public Schools. These studies were designed as an exploratory investigation to determine the extent to which grade-level achievement averages could be predicted using data from…

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the American College Test (ACT) in predicting academic achievement of students from an area which is culturally, economically, and educationally depressed. The population, chosen from 6 community colleges serving the Appalachian region of Kentucky, consisted of 1,127 full time (12 or more…

Reading test results and their interpretation are stressed because of their importance in student achievement. The Nelson-Denny Reading Test used at Harcum Junior College is a useful measuring instrument for predicting academic achievement, screening students, and diagnosing reading and learning problems. General hints for interpretation of the…

The purpose of this research was to compile data for use as related information in the education of drivers, and to derive a formula for computing a hazard index for rail-highway intersections. Data for the study were compiled from: (1) all crossings on which field data were collected, (2) reports of 642 accidents, and (3) data collected from…

Differential prediction of grade point average for black and white freshman students was empirically investigated at 13 integrated institutions by comparison of regression planes. Particular attention was given to the possibility that prediction procedures that are appropriate for white (majority) students would under-predict the performance of…

This paper is concerned with the accusations made by such groups as the Association of Black Psychologists in their call for a moratorium on testing, that standardized tests are biased. A biased test measures one trait in one group of people but a different trait in a second group. Evidence about the amount of bias in tests is thin. Bias must be…

In addition to a review of the Differential Aptitude Tests (DAT), a number of other aptitude tests are examined. They are: (1) Flanagan Aptitude Classification Tests, (2) Holzinger-Crowder Uni-Factor Tests, (3) Employee Aptitude Survey, (4) Revised Minnesota Paper Form Board Test, (5) Minnesota Clerical Test, and (6) Turse Clerical Aptitudes Test.…

Utilizing data derived from two surveys (1967 and 1970) of the rural population of Novosibirsk province in the USSR, the migration plans and orientations of rural dwellers were compared with actual migration behavior to test the hypothesis that it is possible to predict migration patterns via orientation data. Three types of migration orientations…