A study of the affective "filter" inhibiting student learning of a second language focuses on the critical features of the filter, especially student self-concept and the general roles of personality traits and learning attitudes. Relevant research on motivation, personality traits, attitudes, and self-concept as they relate to learning…

Cognitive style refers to preferences for, or dominant modes of, information processing. Cognitive styles tend to be bipolar and less value-laden than ability or aptitude measures. Conceptualizations of cognitive style differ in the number of styles and the degree of metacognitive control over them which individuals are presumed to have. The Hill…

A guide to skilled occupations presents information on 30 occupations in narrative form. It is designed for students to use in career planning. For each occupation, the narrator describes, in conversational, first person form, the job, working conditions, necessary qualifications and personal characteristics, related school subjects, and…

Research has documented bias toward elderly clients by mental health professionals. To determine whether counselor trainees held similar biases against elderly clients, counseling (N=40) and non-counseling (N=25) graduate students were given an intake summary of a female client exhibiting symptoms of depression. The client's age was manipulated on…

This paper presents a review of relevant medical and psychological literature that addresses the psychological characteristics of heroin addiction and addicts: dependence (both physical and psychological); explanations of the phenomenon of addiction (both medical and behavioral); and other psychosocial views of causation including escapism,…

Research has characterized Turkish culture as very authoritarian in terms of family attitudes. To determine if any of the cultural differences in authoritarian personality scores are due to differences in language or measuring instruments rather than cultural differences in personaltiy traits, university students from the United States and Turkey…

Recent research into the religious life of college students, though limited, has suggested ways of understanding the religious aspects of personality that exist apart from institutional involvement. To describe the role of religion in the life of college students 254 freshmen were surveyed to determine whether four categories of religious…

Results of previous investigations of life satisfaction in the aged have suggested that health, socioeconomic factors, and social interaction are most strongly and consistently related to life satisfaction. However, a great deal of variance in life satisfaction remains unexplained. Men (N=19) and women (N=21) aged 65 years or older were…

Previous research has shown a statistically significant correlation between life change stress and physical illness. To examine the relationship between locus of control and the rating of life events and to examine the relationship between responsiveness to threat and ratings, a sample of 274 college students answered a series of four…

An innovative teaching method used in a theories of personality class at Eastern New Mexico University is described. The objectives of this method were to foster growth in creativity among students by involving them in creative activities or experiential sessions and to test for improvement in student creativity scores. The following procedure was…

Based on mail surveys of professional librarians and library administrators in approximately 300 U.S. public libraries and personal interviews with librarians and administrators in 6 public libraries, this report presents a statistical analysis of data collected on library technology and attitudes toward technological innovation. Areas addressed…

This paper examines the attitudes of teachers from three different cultural backgrounds (Anglo-American, American Black, and Hispanic) concerning elementary school boys and girls. An instrument consisting of 39, seven-step, bipolar semantic differential scales, based on terms descriptive of elementary school boys and girls, was developed and…

The Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and worry and emotionality items from the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (Form Y) were administered to college students from three metropolitan colleges as part of several psychological experiments. The TAI was administered to a total of 543 students, and the STAI A-State items were administered twice to a…

Bias towards women exists in the selection of applicants to professional and other positions. This research investigated the effects of two rater variables--sex and attitude toward women--and three applicant variables--sex, field (engineering-dietetics), and attributes--(feminine-masculine) upon ratings of competency and personal charm. Analyses…

The Type A behavior pattern is defined as an action-emotion complex that can be observed in any person who is aggressively involved in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve more and more in less and less time, and if required to do so, against the opposing efforts of other things or persons. The dimensions of this coronary-prone behavior were…